不同盐度下双酚F对海洋青鳉胚胎的毒性效应

Toxic Effects of Bisphenol F on Marine Medaka Embryo at Different

【目的】探究不同盐度下双酚F(Bisphenol F,BPF)对海洋青鳉(Oryzias melastigma)胚胎的毒性效应。【方法】设置15和30两个盐度,海洋青鳉胚胎分别在0(对照)、1μg/L、10μg/L、100μg/L、1 mg/L和10 mg/L BPF中暴露15 d,比较各组胚胎孵化率、死亡率、畸形率,孵化后7 d内存活率,6、9 d时的心跳速率(下称“心率”),以及孵化后48 h仔鱼游泳总距离,分析不同盐度下BPF对海洋青鳉胚胎的毒性效应。【结果】15盐度下1μg/L、100μg/L和30盐度下10μg/L、10 mg/L BPF处理组产生畸形胚胎,但数量较少,以卵黄囊水肿为主。在15及30盐度下,随BPF浓度增加,海洋青鳉孵化率有下降趋势,而死亡率差异不显著,30盐度下,高浓度组(100μg/L、1 mg/L、10 mg/L)孵化率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),10 mg/L组死亡率显著高于盐度15。实验组和对照组中仔鱼出膜后7 d内基本无死亡。处理6 d时,随BPF浓度增加,海洋青鳉在15及30盐度下心率均有下降趋势,高浓度组(1、10 mg/L)盐度30条件下心率显著低于盐度15(P<0.05);处理9 d时,各浓度组心率在盐度15条件下随BPF浓度升高有降低趋势,在30盐度下心率显著低于15盐度条件(P<0.001),高浓度组(1、10 mg/L)在2种盐度条件下心率均较低。仔鱼出膜48 h时,各组12 min内游泳总距离无显著差异(P>0.05)。【结论】BPF和盐度对海洋青鳉胚胎孵化率、心率均有显著影响,BPF可降低胚胎孵化率、心率,高浓度BPF在盐度30条件下对胚胎有明显的致死效应;盐度和BPF对胚胎孵化率、心率存在复合效应。

【Objective】To investigate the toxic effects of bisphenol F(BPF)on the embryo of the marine medaka(Oryzias melastigma)at different salinities.【Method】Two salinities of 15 and 30 were set,and the embryos were exposed to BPF at concentrations of 0(Control),1μg/L,10μg/L,100μg/L,1 mg/L,and 10 mg/L,respectively for 15 days,to compare the differences and changes of the embryonic hatching rate,mortality rate,deformity rate,survival rate within 7 days after hatching,heart rate on day 6 and 9,total distance swum by the pups 48 h after hatching,and analyze the toxic effects of bisphenol F on marine medaka embryo at different salinities.【Result】Exposure to 1μg/L,100μg/L BPF at 15 salinities and 10μg/L,10 mg/L BPF at salinity 30 resulted in a small number of embryo deformities,the main type of deformities was yolk sac edema.At salinities of 15 and 30,the hatching rate of marine medaka embryos tended to decrease with increasing BPF concentration,while the difference in mortality was not significant.At salinity 30,the hatching rate of the high-concentration group(100μg/L,1 mg/L,10 mg/L)was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the mortality rate of the 10 mg/L group was significantly higher than that of the group at salinity 15.The larval fish in the experimental and control groups did not die within 7 days after hatching.At 6 d of treatment,the heart rate of marine medaka embryos tended to decrease with increasing BPF concentration at both 15 and 30 salinities,and the heart rate in the high concentration group(1 and 10 mg/L)at salinity 30 was significantly lower than that at salinity 15(P<0.05);at 9 d of treatment,the heart rate of all BPF treated groups tended to decrease with increasing BPF concentration at salinity 15,and was significantly lower at salinity 30 than that at salinity 15(P<0.001),while the higher concentration groups(1 and 10 mg/L)had lower heart rates at both salinities.There was no significant difference in the total distance swum in 12 min among the groups 48 h after hatching(P>0.05).【Conclusion】BPF and salinity had significant effects on the hatching rate and heart rate of marine medaka embryos.BPF reduced the hatching rate and heart rate of embryos,and high concentrations of BPF had a significant lethal effect on embryos at salinity 30;there was a compound effect of salinity and BPF on the hatching rate and heart rate of embryos.