刺参双通道自清洁循环水养殖系统构建与饲料中海泥比例确定

Construction of a Dual-channel Self-cleaning RAS for Apostichopus japonicus and Determination of the Proportion of Sea Mud in

【目的】构建刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)高效清洁的循环水养殖系统,并探究不同料泥质量比对刺参生长的影响,为刺参工厂化循环水养殖提供新的工艺实验数据。【方法】通过测定养殖水体中的亚硝氮和氨氮浓度、刺参生长指标、肠道消化酶活性指标等的变化,分析确定刺参循环水养殖系统中饵料适宜的料泥质量比。【结果与结论】在120 d的养殖过程中,所构建的循环水养殖系统自清洁效果明显,养殖水质良好,NH_(4)^(+)-N(≤0.289 mg/L)与NO_(2)^(-)-N(≤0.025 mg/L)质量浓度均在适合刺参生长的安全浓度范围内,刺参的平均增重率达43.70%。实验初期,随饲料中料泥质量比增加,刺参生长速率降低,但60 d后,料泥质量比1∶3和1∶2的实验组刺参保持快速生长,而料泥质量比1∶4和1∶1的刺参生长相对缓慢。实验结束时,料泥质量比1∶3和1∶2组的刺参肠道淀粉酶、脂肪酶、胰蛋白酶活力均显著高于其他两组(P<0.05)。因此,刺参工厂化循环水养殖具有可行性,且最优料泥质量比为1∶3,此时刺参肠道内的消化酶活性较高、生长速率最快。

【Objective】An efficient and clean recirculating aquaculture system(RAS)for Apostichopus japonicus was constructed,and the effects of different feed to mud ratios on the growth of A.japonicus were explored to provide new experimental data for industrial recirculating aquaculture of A.japonicus.【Method】By measuring the concentration of nitrite nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in the aquaculture water,the growth index of A.japonicus and the activity index of intestinal digestive enzyme,the suitable feed-sludge mass ratio in the recirculating aquaculture system of A.japonicus was determined.【Result and Conclusion】During the 120 days of culture,the RAS for A.japonicus showed obvious decontamination effect and high water quality.The concentrations of NH_(4)^(+)-N(≤0.289 mg/L)and NO_(2)^(-)-N(≤0.025 mg/L)were within the optimal range for A.japonicus,while the average weight gain rate of A.japonicus reached 43.70%.At the beginning of the experiment,the growth rate of A.japonicus decreased with the increase of the mass ratio of feed to mud.However,after 60 days,the A.japonicus in the experimental groups with the mass ratio of feed to mud of 1∶3 and 1∶2 maintained rapid growth,while the A.japonicus with the mass ratio of feed to mud of 1∶4 and 1∶1 grew relatively slowly.At the end of the experiment,the activities of amylase,lipase and trypsin in the intestinal tract of A.japonicus were tested,and treatments at feed:mud ratio of 1∶3 and 1∶2 showed significantly higher enzyme activity than other treatments(P<0.05).In conclusion,the industrialized recirculating aquaculture of A.japonicus is feasible,and the optimal ratio of feed to mud is 1∶3 under the condition of industrialized recirculating aquaculture.At this time,the digestive enzyme activity in the intestine of A.japonicus is higher and the growth rate is the fastest.