民族地区教育内生发展的政策注意力配置问题论析——基于民族八省区“十四五”规划及远景目标的文本比较

Analysis of the Allocation of Policy Attention to the Endogenous Development of Education in Ethnic Minority Areas——Text Comparison Based on the“Fourteenth Five Year Plan”and Long-term Goals of the Eight Ethnic Minority Provinces

民族地区教育内生发展要以培育民族地区教育内生发展能力为核心,提升民族地区教育内生发展能力是新时期我国民族教育高质量发展的重大议题,也是促进民族地区教育可持续发展的关键。通过分析民族八省区及中央层面“十四五”规划时期教育注意力的分配强度、政府资源布局重点以及政策工具选择的差异,发现,民族八省区在“十四五”期间都对教育发展目标做出了规划,但还面临着主体参与能力和机会的政策注意力空白;内容因地因人因时的政策注意力不足;非权威性工具的政策注意力失衡等问题。优化民族地区教育内生发展的政策注意力配置问题,主体上,政策注意力应关注多元主体的参与动力、能力和机会;内容上,政策注意力应关注教育发展的区域性、民族性、阶段性诉求;方式上,政策注意力应关注工具结构的优化和调整,打好政策工具组合拳。

The development of education in ethnic areas should be built around the cultivation of the endoge⁃nous development ability of education in ethnic minority areas.Improving the endogenous development ability of education in ethnic minority areas is a major issue for the high-quality development of ethnic minority education in China in the new era,and also a key to promote the sustainable development of education in ethnic minority areas.Through the analysis of the differences in the distribution intensity of education attention,the focus of gov⁃ernment resource distribution and the choice of policy tools between the eight ethnic minority provinces and the central level during the“Fourteenth Five Year Plan”period,the results show that the eight ethnic minority prov⁃inces and regions have made plans for education development goals during the“Fourteenth Five Year Plan”peri⁃od,but still face the policy attention gap of the main body’s participation ability and opportunities;Inadequate at⁃tention to the policy of“content,place,person and time”;The policy attention imbalance of non authoritative tools.To optimize the allocation of policy attention for the endogenous development of education in ethnic minori⁃ty areas,policy attention should focus on the participation motivation,ability and opportunity of multiple sub⁃jects;In terms of content,policy attention should be paid to the regional,national and phased demands of educa⁃tional development;In terms of methods,policy attention should be paid to the optimization and adjustment of the tool structure and the combination of policy tools.