低副瓣微带天线设计

Design of low-sidelobe microstrip antenna

针对传统低副瓣天线工作带宽窄的问题,设计了一种应用于低副瓣天线阵列设计的新型宽带微带天线单元。通过采用H型槽耦合馈电方法,天线单元工作带宽达到11%以上。同时,为实现天线阵列的宽频带工作特性,对宽带馈电网络进行了专门设计。馈电网络采用串、并结合的馈电方式,利用阻抗变换节实现所需要的天线单元馈电幅相分布。基于所设计的天线单元和馈电网络,设计了一种基于道尔夫-切比雪夫电流分布的C波段微带天线阵,并对天线进行了加工、测试。测试结果表明,所设计的天线具有低副瓣、窄波束、高增益的特性,天线的旁瓣电平抑制大于20 dB。

In order to solve the problem of narrow operating bandwidth of traditional low-sidelobe antennas,a new broadband microstrip antenna element is designed for low-sidelobe antenna array design.By adopting the H-slot coupling method,the working bandwidth of the antenna element reaches more than 11%.At the same time,to realize the broadband operation characteristics of the antenna array,the broadband feeding network is specially designed.The feeding network adopts the combination of series and parallel feeding mode,an the impedance transformation section is used to realize the required amplitude and phase distribution of the antenna element feed.Based on the designed antenna element and feeding network,a C-band microstrip antenna array based on Dolph-Chebyshev current distribution is designed,and the antenna is farbircated and tested.The test results show that the proposed antenna has the characteristics of low sidelobe,narrow beam and high gain,and the sidelobe level suppression of the antenna is greater than 20 dB.