日本江户时代的居酒屋文化研究

Tavern House in Edo Era

日本从绳文时代开始就有了饮酒的记录。在德川家族开创了新的幕府政权后,出于巩固自身统治的需要,其都城江户在日本近世得到了极大的发展,一度成为世界上人口最多的大城市,人口的激增和大量男性成员进驻江户催生了对饮食的需求,江户的酿酒和酒类贩卖得以进入黄金时期。专门饮酒和聚会的场所——居酒屋,从专门贩酒的酒屋,以及果腹的煮卖屋中分化出来并飞速发展,成为江户人民生活中不可或缺的一部分。而在横贯江户时代260余年的漫长岁月中,围绕居酒屋形成的日本特有的居酒屋文化,也成为江户庶民文化的重要部分,并对当代的日本文化产生了深远影响。

Drinking has been documented in Japan since the Jomon period.After the Tokugawa family created a new shogunate regime,in order to consolidate their own rule,Edo,the capital of Tokugawa,has been greatly developed in modern Japan,briefly became the world's most populous city,a surge of population and a large number of male members stationed in edo has given rise to the demand for food,edo sake and liquor into the golden age.Izakaya,a place dedicated to drinking and gathering,has developed rapidly and become an indispensable part of Edo people's life.In the more than 260 years of the Edo period,the unique Japanese izakaya culture formed around the izakaya has also become an important part of the ordinary people's culture in Edo,and has a profound influence on the contemporary Japanese culture.