多维视角下我国民间民族传统体育发展的困境与突破——以木球运动为例

The Dilemmas and Breakthroughs in the Development of Traditional Folk Sports in China from a Multidimensional Perspective—Taking Wooden Ball as an Example

该文通过文献资料法、调查法、访谈法,结合社会学、文化生态学相关理论,对宁夏回族木球的发展困境及成因进行剖析。研究认为:宁夏回族木球的发展面临原态性主体价值功能遗失、传统体育文化生境消弭、学校教育融合难以推进、理论体系建设与传播举步维艰等困境;现代发展定位不准、社会生产与生活方式变迁、西方文化与区域民族文化冲突、学校教育功利化思想根深蒂固、理论体系与竞赛机制不完善等是造成宁夏回族木球发展困境的主要原因。该文在此基础上提出宁夏回族木球的发展对策:木球运动的定位应集大众体育、学校体育、竞技体育为一体;木球原态性文化的继承、改造要与时俱进,全面渗透;需有序推进木球与学校教育融合;重视理论体系建设、完善传播机制。

Through the methods of literature,investigation and interview,combined with the relevant theories of sociology and cultural ecology,this paper analyzes the development dilemma and causes of Ningxia Hui wooden ball.The results show that:the development of Ningxia Hui wooden ball is faced with many difficulties,such as the loss of original subject value function,the elimination of traditional sports culture habitat,the difficulty of school education integration,the difficulty of theoretical system construction and communication;the main reasons for the dilemma of the development of Ningxia Hui wooden ball include the inaccurate orientation of modern development,the change of social production and lifestyle,the conflict between western culture and regional national culture,the deep-rooted utilitarian thought of school education,and the imperfect theoretical system and competition mechanism.On this basis,the paper puts forward the development countermeasures of Ningxia Hui wooden ball:the positioning of wooden ball should integrate mass sports,school sports and competitive sports;the inheritance and transformation of the original culture of wooden ball should keep pace with the times and penetrate comprehensively;the integration of wooden ball and school education should be promoted orderly;the construction of theoretical system should be emphasized and the communication mechanism should be improved.