农林废弃物吸附材料去除废水中重金属的研究进展

Research progress on adsorption of heavy metal ions from wastewater by agricultural and forestry wastes

水体重金属污染问题日益严重,易对水生系统与人类健康造成威胁,去除水环境中的重金属离子已成为迫切需要。农林废弃物(AFW)是一种来源广泛、价格低廉、环境友好的吸附材料,在处理废水中重金属离子方面具有广阔的应用前景。结合国内外相关研究成果,总结了不同类型AFW吸附材料对重金属离子的吸附性能;分析了溶液pH、重金属离子初始浓度、吸附时间、反应温度和吸附剂用量等因素对AFW吸附材料去除废水中重金属离子的影响,并阐述了吸附机理;最后,对今后的研究方向进行了展望,以期为AFW去除废水中的重金属离子及资源化利用提供一定的科学依据和理论指导。

Heavy metal pollution in water is becoming more and more serious,and it is easy to threaten the aquatic system and human health.Therefore,the removal of heavy metal ions from the water environment has become an ur-gent need.Agricultural and forestry waste(AFW)is a kind of adsorbing material with wide sources,low prices and environmental friendliness.It has a broad application prospect in the treatment of heavy metal wastewater.In this pa-per,the domestic and foreign research results on the adsorption of heavy metal wastewater by AFW adsorbents were reviewed.The adsorption properties of different kinds of AFW materials for heavy metal ions were summarized.The effects of pH,initial concentration of metal ions,adsorption time,reaction temperature and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption of heavy metals by AFW adsorbents were analyzed,and the adsorption mechanism was described.Fi-nally,future research directions were prospected to provide some scientific basis and theoretical guidance for the ad-sorption and removal of heavy metal wastewater and resource utilization of AFW.