改性废机油常温浮选磷灰石矿的试验研究

Experimental Study on Flotation of Apatite Ore with Modified Waste Engine Oil at Room Temperature

为减轻废机油对环境的污染,以废机油为基础,经氧化改性制得新型捕收剂,并考察了其在低品位磷灰石矿浮选中的应用情况。以重铬酸钾为氧化剂,在通气量为0.15 m^(3)/h、氧化时间为24 h、氧化温度为110℃、重铬酸钾用量为废机油质量的0.2%时,获得最佳的氧化效果。红外光谱和气质联用分析结果表明,经氧化改性后,废机油中的C=C双键部分被氧化为羟基和羧基等官能团,属于脂肪酸类捕收剂。实际矿石分选结果表明,针对P_(2)O_(5)品位为1.72%的某磷灰石矿,在矿浆温度为15℃的条件下,当水玻璃用量2000 g/t、改性废机油捕收剂用量400 g/t时取得较好的分选效果,经一次粗选可获得精矿P_(2)O_(5)品位为26.01%、精矿回收率为95.12%的磷灰石精矿,并且在15~40℃温度范围内,浮选效果基本一致。经氧化改性的废机油可作为磷灰石潜在的浮选捕收剂。

In order to reduce the environmental pollution caused by waste engine oil,a novel collector was prepared based on waste engine oil by oxidation modification,and its application in flotation of low-grade apatite ore was investigated.The best oxidation effect was obtained at the aeration rate of 0.15 m^(3)/h,the oxidation time of 24 h,the oxidation temperature of 110℃,and the potassium dichromate of 0.2%.The analysis results of IR and GC−MS showed that the C=C double bond in the waste engine oil was oxidized into hydroxyl and carboxyl groups after oxidation modification,which belonged to fatty acid collectors.The results showed that a good separation effect was obtained for the actual ore at the sodium silicate of 2000 g/t,the modified waste engine oil collector of 400 g/t,and the pulp temperature of 15℃.Apatite concentrates with P_(2)O_(5) grade of 26.01%and recovery of 95.12%was obtained by one−step roughing,and the flotation effect was basically the same in the temperature range of 15−40℃.Oxidation modified waste engine oil would be used as a potential flotation collector for apatite.