“从做中学”理论在初中地理课堂实验教学中的应用

Application of“Learning by Doing”Theory in Junior Middle School Geography Classroom Experiment Teaching

《义务教育地理课程标准(2022版)》对初中地理教学提出新要求,传统的教学形式单一,在培养学生自主能力方面亟须改变。“从做中学”是从活动中学、从经验中学,在学生自主能力培养中发挥积极作用。以等高线地形图教学为例,开展等高线绘制探究活动,让学生在活动中用自己的感官亲自感受等高线地形图,一方面是将抽象难懂的等高线地形图知识形象化、直观化,激发学生学习兴趣,培养地理学科核心素养;另一方面是引导学生掌握从实验中探索知识的学习方法,突破教学重难点,达成教学目标。

“Geography Curriculum Standards for Compulsory Education(2022 Edition)”puts forward new requirements for geography teaching in junior middle schools.The traditional teaching form is single,and needs to change in cultivating students’autonomous ability.Dewey believes that“learning by doing”is“learning by activities”and“learning by experience”,which plays an active role in the cultivation of students’autonomous ability.Based on this,this paper takes“contour topographic map”as an example to carry out contour mapping inquiry activities,in which students use their senses to personally feel“contour topographic map”.On the one hand,it visualizes the abstract and difficult knowledge of“contour topographic map”to stimulate students’interest in learning and cultivate the core literacy of geography.On the other hand,it guides students to master the learning methods of exploring knowledge from experiments,break through the important and difficult points in teaching,and achieve the teaching objectives.