高铁站点区位对城市服务业发展的影响——以京广高铁为例

Influence of Location of High-Speed Railway Stations on the Development of Urban Service Industry——A Case Study on Beijing-Guangzhou High-Speed Railway

高铁的建设加速了资源要素的流动,促进了经济发展,推动了产业结构升级转型。然而,并非所有高铁带来的资源均得到了有效利用,目前诸多开通高铁的城市还存在着站城融合不足、无法有效利用高铁站资源的问题。因此,如何合理设置高铁站区位以及整合高铁站带来的资源显得特别迫切。为此,基于京广高铁沿线24个设站地级市2011—2019年的数据,首先运用PSM-DID的方法建立高铁站开通对城市服务业发展影响的实证模型,研究发现高铁开通对站点城市服务业发展具有正向影响;其次引入和构建距离指数这一概念建立实证模型,研究高铁站点位置到城市中心的相对距离对城市服务业发展的影响,发现高铁站点距城市中心相对距离较远时更有利于该城市服务业的开发和发展;最后基于实证结论提出高铁选址与城市规划双向靠近的政策建议。

The construction of high-speed railways in China has accelerated the flow of resources and promoted economic development.However,not all the resources brought by high-speed railways are being used efficiently,the extensive range and rapid development of China's high-speed railways have provided opportunities for the development of cities along the route,promoted the optimal allocation of resources,and brought different impacts on the development of service industry in different cities.Based on the data of 24 prefecture-level cities with stations along the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway from 2011 to 2019,firstly we establish an empirical model using PSM-DID method to find that the opening of high-speed railway has a positive impact on the development of urban service industry.Secondly,the concept of distance index is introduced and constructed,and an empirical model is established to study the impact of the relative distance between the site of high-speed railway station and the city center on the development of urban service industry.It is found that the farther relative distance between the site of high-speed railway station and the city center is more beneficial to the construction and development of the urban service industry.Based on the research conclusion,policy suggestions for the two-way measurement of selection of high-speed railway site and urban planning are put forward.