十字形伞开伞充气过程数值仿真研究

Numerical Simulation Study of Cruciform Parachute Deployment and Inflation Process

十字形降落伞是航空航天减速领域常用的伞型,开伞充气过程是其工作过程中较为复杂的一个阶段。为了研究十字形伞开伞充气过程中的动力学特性,文章基于任意拉格朗日-欧拉方法对十字形伞开伞过程进行流固耦合仿真计算,并将计算结果与风洞试验结果进行对比。对比发现:仿真计算得到的十字形伞稳态外形与试验结果一致,且仿真获得的降落伞气动载荷历程曲线与试验结果基本相符,载荷呈现出随着开伞过程逐渐增大,在开伞结束达到最大值后略有降低并逐渐稳定的趋势。仿真结果还表明,在十字形伞开伞过程中,伞衣的最大应力点位于伞臂的中心区域,充气顺序的先后会影响伞臂的应力分布,降落伞稳定后伞衣应力呈对称分布。文章采用的仿真方法能较好地模拟十字形伞开伞充气的动力学过程,得到的伞衣应力分布特点及影响因素可为十字形伞的设计与优化提供参考。

The cruciform parachute is a commonly used parachute design in the field of aerospace deceleration,and the deployment and inflation stage is a complex stage of its operation.In order to study the dynamics characteristics of cruciform parachute deployment and inflation process,this paper employs the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method to carry out the fluid-structure interaction simulation calculations on the deployment process of a cruciform parachute.The computed results are compared with wind tunnel test results.The comparison shows that the simulated steady-state shape of the parachute is consistent with the experimental results,and the simulated aerodynamic load history curve of the parachute is largely in agreement with the test results.The load exhibits a gradual increase during the deployment process,reaching its maximum value after the completion of the deployment,followed by a slight decrease and gradual stabilization.The simulation results also show that,during the cruciform parachute deployment process,the maximum stress point of the canopy is located in the central region of the canopy arms,and the inflation sequence affects the stress distribution along the arms.After the parachute stabilizes,the canopy stress exhibits a symmetrical distribution.The simulation method employed in this study effectively simulates the dynamic process of cruciform parachute deployment and inflation,and the characteristics of canopy stress distribution and influencing factors can provide valuable insights for the design and optimization of cruciform parachutes.