媒介考古学冷凝视下的时间性:以基特勒、恩斯特的媒介理论为线索

Temporalities Under the Cold Gaze of Media Archaeology:Based on Kittler and Ernst's Media Theories

本文根据基特勒和恩斯特的媒介理论,梳理出一种区别于传统史学、诠释学的媒介考古学方法论。在认识论层面,媒介考古学不再采纳以人为中心的认识论,转而关注与人类认识论相并立的媒介认识论;不再以人类的感官为尺度,而是从媒介装置的微观时间登入真实域。在方法论层面,媒介考古学不仅把媒介装置作为考古学研究的对象,也把它作为建构考古学的主体。媒介考古学所要揭示的技术知识或媒介知识,既不是人本主义诠释学所阐释的技术文化,也不完全是科学知识,而是媒介自身的时间性运作过程:一是新媒介对旧媒介的“去语义化”运作;二是非话语性运作构成大众传媒文化之基底。从媒介时间性审视世界的媒介考古学学术书写策略,可更深入地揭示人类文化如何以装置运作的规则性为条件。

Based on the media theories of Kittler and Ernst,this paper constructs a methodology of media archaeology which is different from traditional historiography and hermeneutics.In terms of epistemology,media archaeology no longer adopts the human-centered epistemology,but focuses on the media epistemology which is in parallel with human epistemology;No longer relies on the ability of human senses,but registers into the real from micro timed of media devices.In terms of methodology,media archaeology not only takes media devices as the object of archaeological research,but also takes them as the subject of constructing archaeology.The technical knowledge or media knowledge to be revealed by media archaeology is neither the technical culture explained by humanistic hermeneutics nor the scientific knowledge,but the temporal operation process of the media itself:First,the“de-semantic”operation of new media to old media;Second,non-discursive operation constitutes the basis of mass media culture.The academic writing strategy of media archaeology examining the world from the perspective of media temporalities can reveal more deeply how human culture is conditioned by the regularity of the operations of apparatuses.