园艺植物花芽分化影响因素及机理研究进展

Research Progress on Influencing Factors and Mechanisms of Flower Bud Differentiation in Horticultural Plants

不同园艺植物花芽分化时期的划分略有差异,分化时间有所不同。影响花芽分化的内在因素包括内源激素和营养物质。内源激素主要有生长素、赤霉素、脱落酸和细胞分裂素。光照、温度、水分、矿物质营养可通过调控激素水平影响园艺植物的成花。花芽分化机理有碳氮比学说、激素平衡假说、激素信号调节假说和营养假说。同时,随着对各园艺植物花芽分化研究的深入,研究者们发现花芽分化过程与相关基因的表达有关。综述了近年来园艺植物花芽分化的相关研究进展,并对未来主要的研究方向进行展望。

The differentiation period of flower buds in different horticultural plants is slightly different,and the differentiation time is different.The internal factors affecting flower bud differentiation include endogenous hormones and nutrients.Endogenous hormones mainly include auxin,gibberellin,abscisic acid and cytokinin.Light,temperature,moisture and mineral nutrition can affect the flowering of horticultural plants by regulating hormone levels.Flower bud differentiation mechanism includes the C/N ratio theory,hormone balance hypothesis,hormone signal regulation hypothesis and nutrition hypothesis.At the same time,with the further study of flower bud differentiation in horticultural plants,researchers have found that the process of flower bud differentiation is related to the expression of related genes.This paper reviewed the research progress on flower bud differentiation of horticultural plants in recent years,and looked forward to the main research directions in the future.