青少年营养状况与抑郁症状的相关性

Correlation between nutritional status and depressive symptoms in middle school students

目的 探讨青少年不同营养状况与抑郁症状的相关性,为针对性改善青少年营养状况与抑郁症状提供理论依据。方法 采用随机整群抽样法在上海、乌鲁木齐、长沙、昆明4座城市选择共8 102名12~17岁中学生,采用流调中心用抑郁量表(CES-D)调查被试的抑郁症状发生情况,同时进行身高与体重的测量。采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验、χ^(2)检验、有序Logistic回归模型等方法分析青少年营养状况与抑郁症状的关系。结果 青少年总体抑郁症状检出率为25.6%,其中男、女生分别为21.1%,30.1%,性别间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=87.60,P<0.01)。女生不同营养状况组间的抑郁症状得分差异具有统计学意义(Z=8.34,P<0.05),随着体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)等级升高,女生抑郁症状检出率呈上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=6.04,P<0.05);控制混杂因素后,有序Logistic回归分析显示,肥胖组女生患抑郁症状风险与体重正常组女生相比更高(OR=1.45,95%CI=1.10~1.91,P<0.05)。结论 女生营养状况优于男生,但抑郁症状发生情况较男生更为严重。女生的抑郁症状检出风险随着BMI等级的升高呈现上升趋势。

Objective To explore the correlation between different nutritional status and depressive symptoms among adolescents,so as to provide a theoretical basis for targeted improvement of nutritional status and depressive symptoms in adolescents.Methods A total of 8102 adolescents aged 12-17 years in Shanghai,Urumqi,Changsha and Kunming were selected by random cluster sampling.Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D).Height and weight were measured.Kruskal-Wallis H test,Chi-square test and ordinal Logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between nutritional status and depressive symptoms in adolescents.Results The overall detection rate of depressive symptoms in adolescents was 25.6%,with girls(30.1%)higher than that of boys(21.1%)(x^(2)=87.60,P<0.01).There were statistically significant differences in the scores of depressive symptoms among girls with different nutritional status(Z=8.34,P<0.05).The detectable rate of depressive symptoms increased with BMI among girls(x^(2)_(rend)=6.04,P<0.05).After controlling for confounding factors,ordinal Logistic regression showed that the obese girls had higher risks in depressive symptoms detection compared with normal weight girls(OR=1.45,95% CI=1.10-1.91,P<0.05).ConclusionnThe nutritional status of girls is better than boys,but the prevalence of depressive symptoms is higher than boys.The risk of depressive symptoms in girls increases with BMI.