GⅠ.P11-GⅠ.6型诺如病毒分子特征分析

Analysis on molecular characterization of norovirus GⅠ.P11-GⅠ.6

目的分析引起北京市丰台区某小学1起胃肠炎疫情的诺如病毒分型特征,为诺如病毒防控提供参考依据。方法2021年10月在北京市丰台区某小学发生1起胃肠炎疫情,留取粪便标本做便常规检测和便隐血检测,并在便标本中提取核酸,使用荧光定量PCR技术进行诺如病毒核酸检测,采用一步法逆转录PCR扩增特异性核酸片段分析诺如病毒亚型。结果共14例胃肠炎病例,14份粪便标本便常规结果正常,7份便隐血结果阳性,阳性率为50.0%。13份标本检测出诺如病毒阳性,基因型别为GⅠ.P11-GⅠ.6。结论本次疫情检测出的诺如病毒型别引起的胃肠炎便隐血阳性率较高,超过其他文献报道的比率,并发现其在氨基酸水平上聚合酶区和VP1区都发生了关键位点的变异。需持续进行疫情监测和防控工作,以减少该类疫情的发生。

Objective To analyze the genotyping characteristics of norovirus which caused gastroenteritis epidemic in a primary school in Fengtai District of Beijing,provide scientific reference for the prevention and control of norovirus.Methods In October 2021,a gastroenteritis epidemic occurred in a primary school in Fengtai District of Beijing.The stool samples were collected for routine stool test and occulted blood test,nucleic acid was extracted from the samples and detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR,and one-step reverse transcription PCR was used to amplify specific nucleic acid fragments and analyze norovirus subtypes.Results There were 14 cases of gastroenteritis,all specimens had normal routine stool results,seven specimens were positive in occulted blood test,with the positive rate of 50.0%.13 norovirus positivecases were detected,and the genotype was GⅠ.P11-GⅠ.6.Conclusions The positive rate of fecal occult blood in gastroenteritis caused by norovirus type detected in this epidemic is high,which is higher than that reported in other literature.There are key site mutations in the polymerase area and VP1 area at the amino acid level.In order to reduce the occurrence of the epidemic,continuous epidemic monitoring and prevention and control work should be carried out.