某部文职人员付出-回报失衡、职业倦怠现状及二者关系研究

Study on status and relationship of effort-reward imbalance and job burnout among military civilian personnel of a troop

目的了解某部文职人员付出-回报失衡及职业倦怠现状,探讨两者间关系,为应对文职人员职业倦怠提供科学依据。方法2022年3—4月采用中文版付出-回报失衡量表(effort reward imbalance questionnaire,ERI)、中文版职业倦怠量表(maslach burnout inventory general survey,MBI-GS)对随机抽取的某部280名文职人员进行测评,发放调查问卷280份,有效问卷为270份,比较不同人口学特征及付出-回报失衡模式下某部文职人员的职业倦怠情况,利用logistic回归探讨其影响因素。结果48.15%文职人员处于付出-回报失衡状态,付出、回报和超负荷维度得分为(18.70±4.46)、(34.90±5.19)和(18.15±4.23)分,职业倦怠检出率为82.96%,情感耗竭、人格解体和成就感降低维度得分为(13.14±6.41)、(13.34±6.15)和(19.46±6.36)分。Pearson相关分析显示,付出维度与情感耗竭、人格解体维度呈正相关(r=0.073、0.328,均P<0.01);回报维度与情感耗竭、人格解体维度均呈正相关,但与成就感降低维度呈负相关(r=0.435、0.204、-0.108,均P<0.05);超负荷维度与情感耗竭、人格解体和成就感降低维度均呈正相关(r=0.136、0.303、0.059,均P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,学历为大学本科、工龄<5年和ERI>1均是军队文职人员职业倦怠的危险因素(OR=3.072、6.312、3.267,均P<0.01)。结论文职人员付出-回报失衡、职业倦怠情况较严重,且付出-回报失衡会加剧文职人员职业倦怠的发生。

Objective To understand the current situation of the effort-reward imbalance and job burnout of military civilian staff in a troop,explore the relationship between the two,and provide a scientific basis for dealing with job burnout of civilian staff.Methods The Chinese version of effort reward imbalance questionnaire(ERI)and Maslach burnout inventory general survey(MBIGS)were used to evaluate 280 military civilian employees randomly extracted from a troop in March-April 2022.The job burnout of civilian personnel of a troop was compared under different demography characteristics and effort-reward imbalance model,and logistic regression was used to explore the influencing factors of job burnout.Results 48.15%of military civilian person were in a condition of effort-reward imbalance.The score of the effort,reward and overload dimensions was(18.70±4.46),(34.90±5.19)and(18.15±4.23)points,respectively.The detection rate of job burnout was 82.96%.The score of emotional exhaustions,depersonalization,and reduced personal accomplishment dimensions was(13.14±6.41),(13.34±6.15)and(19.46±6.36)points,respectively.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the effort dimension was positively correlated with the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization dimensions(r=0.073,0.328,both P<0.01).The reward dimension was positively correlated with the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization dimensions,but it was negatively correlated with the reduced personal accomplishment dimension(r=0.435,0.204,-0.108,all P<0.05).The overload dimension was positively correlated with the emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment dimensions(r=0.136,0.303,0.059,all P<0.01).The logistic regression analysis showed that undergraduate education,working experience<5 years and ERI>1 were the risk factors of job burnout in military civilian staff(OR=3.072,6.312,3.267,all P<0.01).Conclusion The military civilian staff in this troop has a severe effortreward imbalance and serious job burnout,andthe effort-reward imbalance aggravate the occurrence of job burnout of military civilian staff.