西部偏远地区居民结核病防治核心知识知晓现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on current situation and influencing factors of awareness of core knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and treatment among residents in remote areas of western China

目的了解西部偏远地区居民对结核病防治核心知识知晓状况,分析影响因素,并以此为依据制定有针对性的健康教育方案。方法2021年3—9月采用随机整群抽样和便利抽样相结合的方法,抽取西部偏远地区的部分居民作为调查对象,采用专家咨询自行设计结核病相关知识调查问题,通过现场发放回收问卷方式对居民结核病防治核心知识现状进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果居民对结核病防治核心知识总知晓率为31.1%(3452/11099);在11条结核病防治核心知识中,“正确预防肺结核方式”“肺结核病主要症状”知晓率处于最低水平,分别为6.6%和9.4%。学历、职业及家庭月均收入是防治核心知识知晓情况的影响因素。结论西部偏远地区居民对结核病防治知识总知晓率偏低,对结核病各条核心知识的认知程度存在差异,应不断优化健康教育形式,特别是文化程度较低的居民,通过更有针对性的健康促进和健康活动,提高健康教育方案的有效性。

Objective To investigate the awareness of core knowledge of tuberculosis(TB)prevention and control among residents in remote areas of western China,analyze the influencing factors,and use them as a basis to develop a targeted health education program.Methods From March to September 2021,the combination of random cluster sampling and convenience sampling was used to select some residents in the western remote areas as the study subjects.The TB-related knowledge survey questions were designed by expert consultation.The status of residents'core knowledge of TB prevention and control was investigated by distributing and collecting questionnaires on site,and the data were analyzed.Results The overall awareness rate of core knowledge of TB prevention and control among residents was 31.1%(3452/11099).Among 11 core knowledge of TB prevention and treatment,the awareness rates of"the correct way to prevent TB"and"the main symptoms of TB"were the lowest,which was 6.6%and 9.4%respectively.The education,occupation and average monthly household income were the factors influencing the awareness of core knowledge of TB prevention and treatment.Conclusion The overall awareness rate of core knowledge of TB prevention and control among residents in remote areas of western China is low,and there are differences in the awareness degree of different core knowledge of TB,so it is necessary to continuously optimize the form of health education,especially for residents with lower education levels,and carry out more targeted health promotion and health activities,to improve the effectiveness of health education programs.