2015—2020年保定市大气细颗粒物中多环芳烃的健康风险评估

Health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric fine particulates matters of Baoding City from 2015-2020

目的分析2015—2020年保定市城区大气细颗粒物中多环芳烃的污染水平,并进行健康风险评估。方法2015—2020年检测保定市竞秀区某小学附近大气颗粒物中16种多环芳烃浓度,利用毒性当量法、日均暴露量计算超额致癌风险、非致癌风险评估保定市大气中16种多环芳烃的人群健康风险,并对数据进行分析。结果2015—2020年16种多环芳烃采暖期总浓度由21.96μg/m3下降至2.17μg/m3,非采暖期总浓度由2.85μg/m3下降至0.53μg/m3;2015—2020年7种致癌多环芳烃的终生超额风险为1.09×10-6~20.49×10-6;对于非致癌风险,2018—2020年苯并芘的危害商<1,但苯并芘危害商的P95值>1;结论大气颗粒物中多环芳烃仍存在超额致癌风险和非致癌风险,还要引起一定的关注,需要继续采取措施对大气环境进行治理。

Objective To analyze the pollution levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in atmospheric fine particulates matterin Baoding City from 2015 to 2020 and assess the health risks.Methods The concentrations of 16 kinds of PAHs in theatmospheric fine particulates matters near a primary school in Jingxiu District of Baoding City were detected from 2015 to 2020.The toxicity equivalent method and daily average exposure were used to calculate the excess carcinogenic risk and non carcinogenic risk,to assess the population healthrisk of 16 kinds of PAHs in theatmospheric fine particulates matters in Baoding City,and the data were analyzed.Results From 2015 to 2020,the total concentration of 16 PAHs during the heating period decreased from 21.96μg/m3 to 2.17μg/m3,and the total concentration during the non-heating period decreased from 2.85μg/m3 to 0.53μg/m3.The lifetime excess risk of seven carcinogenic PAHs from 2015 to 2020 was 1.09×10-6-20.49×10-6.For the noncarcinogenic risk,the hazard quotient of benzopyrene from 2018 to 2020 was>1,but the P95 of benzopyrene hazard quotient was>1.Conclusion There are still excess carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of PAHs in atmospheric fine particulates matters,and certain concerns should be raised,which the measures should continue to be taken to control the atmospheric environment.