阿克苏地区中老年HIV/AIDS患者抗病毒治疗效果及其影响因素分析

Analysis of effect and influencing factors of antiretroviral therapy in middle-aged and elderly HIV/AIDS patients in Aksu prefecture

目的了解2021年新疆阿克苏地区中老年HIV/AIDS患者抗病毒治疗效果及其影响因素,为艾滋病防治工作提供参考。方法分析2021年阿克苏地区接受6个月以上抗病毒治疗的45岁以上中老年HIV/AIDS患者的病毒载量结果以及人口学特征、感染途径、药物治疗方案和治疗时间等资料。按病毒载量(viral load,VL)检测结果分为治疗无效组(VL≥1000拷贝/ml)和治疗有效组(VL<1000拷贝/ml),采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析抗病毒治疗效果的影响因素。结果共检查1054例中老年HIV/AIDS患者,抗病毒治疗有效897例、有效率85.1%;单因素分析结果显示,性别(χ^(2)=4.770)与药物方案(χ^(2)=14.329)是抗病毒治疗效果的影响因素(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,女性患者(OR=0.689,95%CI:0.483~0.983)是影响抗病毒治疗效果的保护因素,药物方案中其他方案(OR=2.226,95%CI:1.402~3.532)是影响抗病毒治疗效果的危险因素。结论阿克苏地区中老年HIV/AIDS患者抗病毒治疗效果较好,与其医生精准优化HIV/AIDS患者的药物方案和女性患者具有良好的服药依从性有关;应加大HIV宣传教育力度,尽早发现并及时治疗,做到精准干预与优化治疗方案相结合,提高HIV防治效果。

Objective To understand the effect of antiretroviral therapy and the influencing factors of middle-aged and elderly HIV/AIDS patients in Aksu prefecture of Xinjiang in 2021,so as to provide reference for AIDS prevention and treatment.Methods The viral load results,demographic characteristics,route of infection,drug regimen and duration of treatment of middle-aged and elderly HIV/AIDS patients aged 45 years and above with antiretroviral treatment longer than 6 months were analyzed in Aksu prefecture in 2021.The patients were divided into ineffective treatment group(VL≥1000 copies/ml)and effective treatment group(VL<1000 copies/ml)according to the results of viral load(VL).The infecting factors of the treatment effect were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression.Results A total of 1054 middle-aged and elderly HIV/AIDS patients were examined,with effective treatment of 897 cases and effective rate of 85.1%.The results of the univariate analysis showed there were statistical difference(P<0.05)in genders(χ^(2)=4.770)and drug regimens(χ^(2)=14.329).The multivariate regression analysis showed the female of the patients was the protective factor affecting the efficacy of the antiviral treatment(OR=0.689,95%CI:0.483-0.983),and others in the drug regimens was the risk factor affecting the efficacy of the antiviral treatment(OR=2.226,95%CI:1.402-3.532)in the drug regimen.Conclusions The effect of the antiviral treatment is good in the middle-aged and elderly HIV/AIDS patients,which relates with the precise and optimized drug regimens for the HIV/AIDS patients by the doctors and the good medication compliance of the female patients in Aksu prefecture.The publicity and education on HIV should be strengthened for finding patient as early as possible and giving treatment in time.The precise intervention and optimized treatment regimens should be combined to improve the effect of HIV prevention and treatment.