广西农村儿童家长预防接种服务满意度调查及影响因素分析

Survey of satisfaction degree for vaccination service among parents of children in rural area of Guangxi and analysis of influencing factors

目的 了解广西农村群众对预防接种服务的满意程度,为接种单位改善服务提供依据。方法 在广西钟山县、上思县、东兰县、田阳县和崇左市江州区随机抽取30个行政村,随机调查300名6~23月龄(2013年8月31日—2015年2月28日出生)儿童的家长;采用面对面问卷调查的方法,调查家长基本信息、家长带儿童接种疫苗的间接成本以及对当地接种单位开展疫苗接种工作满意度。结果 儿童家长对预防接种服务的满意度为71.30%,家长对接种人员态度及能力满意度较高,但对接种单位环境和单位预防接种知识宣传满意度相对较低;文化程度(χ^(2)=6.001)、单次预防接种经济成本(χ^(2)=17.336)和单次预防接种时间成本(χ^(2)=7.757)的总体满意度差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);家长文化程度(OR=0.480,95%CI:0.271~0.852)、职业(OR=2.651,95%CI:1.002~7.013)、单次预防接种经济成本(OR=0.268,95%CI:0.117~0.614)和单次预防接种时间成本(OR=0.386,95%CI:0.158~0.942)是整体满意度的影响因素。结论家长文化程度、单次预防接种经济成本和单次预防接种时间成本是预防接种满意度的影响因素。接种单位应改善接种环境,做好预防接种知识宣传,降低儿童家长的接种成本,以提高儿童预防接种率。

Objective To understand the degree of satisfaction of rural people for vaccination service in Guangxi,and provide basis for vaccination units to improve the service.Methods A total of 300 parents of the children with the age of 6-23 months(born from August 31,2013 to February 28,2015)were randomly selected in 30 administrative villages in the counties of Zhongshan,Shangsi,Donglan,Tianyang and in Jiangzhou district(affiliated with Chongzuo city),Guangxi.The basic information of parents,the indirect cost of taking their children for vaccinate,and the degree of satisfaction for vaccination work in local vaccination units were surveyed.Results The degree of satisfaction of the parents for the vaccination service was 71.30%,high for attitude and ability of vaccinators,and relative low for the environment and knowledge publicity of the vaccination units.The differences of the overall satisfaction degree were statistical significant(P<0.05)in different education levels(χ^(2)=6.001),economic cost(χ^(2)=17.336)and time-cost(χ^(2)=7.757)of single vaccination.The education level(OR=0.480,95%CI:0.271-0.852),occupation(OR=2.651,95%CI:1.002-7.013),economic cost(OR=0.268,95%CI:0.117-0.614)and time-cost(OR=0.386,95%CI:0.158-0.942)were the influencing factors.Conclusions The education level,economic cost and time-cost of vaccination of parents are the influencing factors of satisfaction degree of vaccination.The environment of vaccination in vaccination units should be improved,the publicity of vaccination knowledge should be done well,and the cost of vaccination of the parents should be decreased for enhancing the vaccination rate of children.