沉箱开孔形式对波浪反射的影响试验研究

Effects of opening types of caissons on wave reflection

为了降低码头前沿的波浪反射作用、改善船舶靠泊作业的泊稳条件,开孔沉箱越来越多地被应用在直立码头工程中,但相关行业规范尚缺少对沉箱开孔形式的系统性说明。以大连港大窑湾港区四期工程为例,通过物理模型试验,重点分析不同沉箱开孔形式对不规则波作用下码头前沿波高反射系数的影响。结果表明:短周期波浪通常比设计波浪情况下的反射系数要小;试验断面的消浪性能在设计低水位附近最为理想;沉箱胸墙设置消浪腔对减小断面波浪反射的效果不明显;波浪反射系数主要取决于开孔率。

To reduce the wave reflection at the front of the wharf and improve the berthing stability of ships,more and more perforated caissons are used in quay wall projects,but there still is a lack of systematic explanation on caisson opening types in relevant codes of practice.Taking the fourth phase project of Dayaowan Port area of Dalian Port as an example,we use the physical model experiment to emphatically analyze the effects of different caisson opening types on wave height reflection coefficients at the front of the wharf under the action of irregular waves.The results show that the wave height reflection coefficient is usually smaller driven by short-period wave than designed wave.The wave attenuation performance of test section is best in designed low water level.The wave cavity of caisson parapets takes less effects on reducing the wave reflection.The wave reflection coefficient is mainly dependent on percentage of opening.