山区省水船闸输水系统水力学研究

Hydraulics of filling and emptying system of water-saving ship lock in mountainous rivers

与运河省水船闸不同,山区航电枢纽省水船闸具有通航水位变幅大、两岸地形复杂等特点,在省水池布置、水位分级和船闸运行方式等方面均面临一些难题。针对山区通航建筑物与枢纽分开布置的工程,研究省水船闸布置方法,充分利用地形条件将高、低省水池分别设置在船闸两侧。针对上游通航水位变幅大的特点,确定船闸采用省水和非省水两种运行方式,两种方式的上游临界水位为214.0 m。在此条件下,计算分析船闸水位分级,确定省水池高程,提出省水船闸输水系统布置。通过物理模型试验,得到省水船闸不同运行方式下的输水水力特征指标、输水廊道压力及闸室船舶停泊条件,并给出各部位输水阀门推荐的启闭方式。结果表明,提出的省水船闸方案在水力学上是合理可行的。

Unlike the water-saving ship locks on canals,the water-saving ship lock of the navigation-power junction in mountainous areas has a large variation of navigable water level and complex terrains on both banks.It faces some difficulties in the layout of water-saving basins,water level classification,and operation mode of the ship lock.For the project in the mountainous area with the navigation structures and the hub separately arranged,this paper studies the layout scheme of the water-saving ship lock.A high water-saving basin and a low one are set on both sides of the ship lock respectively to make full use of the topographic conditions of the project.Given the large variation of upstream navigable water level,it is determined that the ship lock adopts two operation modes of water-saving and non-water-saving,and the upstream critical water level is 214.0 m.In these conditions,the water level classification of the ship lock is calculated and analyzed to determine the elevations of the water-saving basins,and the layout of the filling and emptying system of the water-saving ship lock is put forward.The hydraulic characteristic indexes,the pressures of the culverts near the valves,and the ship berthing conditions in the lock chamber of the ship lock under different operation modes are obtained through the physical model test.Furthermore,the opening and closing modes of the valves are recommended.The results show that the proposed scheme of the water-saving ship lock is reasonable and feasible in hydraulics.