口腔癌患者术后放疗期间营养相关症状的横断面调查

A cross-sectional study of nutritional impact symptoms in patients with oral cancer during postoperative radiotheropy

目的研究口腔癌患者术后放疗期间营养相关症状(Nutrition Impact Symptoms,NIS)对患者营养状况及生命质量的影响;方法本研究选取2021年1~4月上海市第九人民医院收治的43例行口腔癌术后放疗的患者为研究对象,根据营养风险筛查2002评分(nutritional risk screening 2002,NRS2002)评估患者营养状况,对患者NIS的现状进行调查,探讨患者营养不良的影响因素,并分析其对生命质量的影响;结果43例口腔癌术后放疗患者口干、唾液粘稠及吞咽困难的发生率分别为97.67%、88.37%、74.41%。与营养正常组比较,营养不良组患者的咀嚼困难、精力不足、疼痛、吞咽困难、食欲缺乏、口腔疼痛的发生率提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在功能量领域,营养正常组躯体功能、情绪、总体健康状况要明显好于营养不良组(P<0.05)。结论口腔癌患者放疗后营养症状负担较重,明显影响患者营养情况以及生活质量,医护人员应重视患者营养相关症状,对其进行症状管理。

Objective To investigate the effects of Nutrition Impact Symptoms(NIS)on nutritional statols and quality of life in oral can cancer patients undergoing postoperative radiotherapy.Methods In this study,we performed an analysis of 43 patients with postoperative radiotherapy in the Department of Stomatology of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital from January 2021 to April 2021.All patients were screened for nutritional risk using the Nutrition Risk Screening(NRS 2002),to explore the influencing factors of malnutrition in patients.Results The incidences of dry mouth,sticky saliva and dysphagia in 43 oral cancer patients with postoperative radiotherapy,were 97.67%,88.37%and 74.41%,respectively.Compared with normal nutrition group,the incidence of masticatory difficulty,energy deficiency,pain,dysphagia,lack of appetite and oral pain in malnutrition group was increased,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).In the domain of functionality,somatic function,mood,and overall health were significantly better in to normal nutrition group than in the malnutrition group(P<0.05).Conclusion The burden of nutritional symptoms after radiotherapy for oral cancer patients is heavy,which significantly affects the nutritional status and quality of life of patients.Therefore,medical staff should pay attention to the nutrition-related symptoms of patients and carry out symptom management.