基于风云3C卫星观测数据的全球重力波活动特性研究

Investigation of the Global Gravity Wave Activity Characteristics from the FY-3C Satellite Observation Data

大气重力波是临近空间中重要的动力学过程之一,并且广泛存在于全球大气层中,研究其全球分布及变化规律,对理解大气动力学具有重要意义。全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)可以通过掩星的方式来获取临近空间大气的温度信息,并且具有全球覆盖、垂直和水平分辨率较高的优点,从而被广泛应用于临近空间大气重力波研究。利用气象卫星风云3号C星(FY-3C)搭载的全球导航卫星掩星接收机(GNOS)的探测数据来反演全球重力波扰动分布,反演得到了2015-2019年这5年间的全球重力波分布,并着重分析了全球重力波的季节变化、年际变化以及长波和短波重力波的全球分布和特征。结果表明,冬夏两季的重力波扰动要强于春秋两季,并且呈现冬季半球强于夏季半球的现象;同时还发现,重力波扰动的强度随着高度增加而逐渐增强;在20~50 km的高度范围内短波重力波强度大于长波重力波强度。

Atmospheric gravity wave is one of the important dynamical processes in near-space,and exists widely in the global atmosphere.The investigation of its global distribution and variation is of great significance for understanding atmospheric dynamics.Though occultation,the Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)has the advantages of obtaining the global coverage and high resolution temperature information of near-space atmosphere,and is therefore widely used in near-space atmospheric gravity wave research.The global gravity wave distribution from 2015 to 2019 is analyzed by using the detection data of the Global Navigation Satellite System Occultation Sounder(GNOS)on the FY-3C satellite.The seasonal and interannual variations of global gravity waves as well as the global distribution and characteristics of long and short wave gravity waves are analyzed emphatically.The analysis show that the gravity wave intensity in winter and summer is stronger than that in spring and autumn,and the value of the gravity wave intensity in winter hemisphere is higher than that in summer hemisphere.It is also found that the intensity of gravity wave disturbance increases gradually with the increase of height.Combined with years of data analysis,it is found that the short-wave gravity wave intensity is greater than the long-wave gravity wave intensity in the altitude range of 20~50 km.