江苏省阜宁县地下水生态水位及生态需水量研究

Study on the ecological water level and the ecological groundwater demand in Funing County,Jiangsu Province

苏北平原区浅层地下水与地表水体具有频繁影响、相互制约的特点,地下水的生态属性和环境功能十分重要,因此研究其生态水位及生态需水量盈亏特征对于生态保护具有重要意义。以江苏省阜宁县为例,在分析浅层地下水水位动态的基础上,通过统计分析的方法确定了生态水位的指标体系,研究了地下水生态水位,并基于Arcgis平台评估了浅层地下水生态水量盈亏特征。结果显示:阜宁县大部分地区生态水位埋深上限值为1.5~3 m,生态水位埋深下限值为2.63~3.18 m;2021年1月,25.3%左右的区域地下水位处于非适宜区,生态需水量为589.96万m^(3);2021年5月,生态需水量为747.19万m^(3)。在地下水非适宜区,要结合县域供水现状,调整浅层地下水利用方式,宜禁则禁,宜采则采,实现地下水生态和环境功能的高效管控。

The shallow groundwater and surface water in northern Jiangsu plain are interacted and inter-conditioned.Due to the importance of the ecological properties and environmental functions of groundwater,it is essential to study its ecological water level and surplus-deficit characteristics of ecological water demand for ecological protection and restoration.Taking Funing County as an example,based on the analysis of shallow groundwater level dynamics,the index system of ecological water level was determined by the method of statistical analysis and the ecological water level of groundwater was studied,as well as the surplus-deficit characteristics of shallow groundwater ecological water were evaluated on Arcgis platform.The results show that the upper limit of burial depth of ecological water level in most areas of Funing County ranges from 1.5 m to 3 m,and the lower limit ranges from 2.63 m to 3.18 m.In January 2021,about 25.3%of the regional groundwater level was in the unsuitable extraction area,and the ecological water demand was 5899600 m ^( 3).In May 2021,the ecological water demand was 7471900 m^( 3).In the groundwater unsuitable extraction area,the groundwater extraction and the prohibition of shallow groundwater use should be adjusted accordingly in combination with the situation of water supply within the county area,so that the ecological and environmental functions of groundwater can be efficiently controlled.