高光谱成像的船舶燃油硫含量遥测技术

Detection of Sulfur Content in Vessel Fuel Based on Hyperspectral Imaging Technology

在港口运输领域,船舶燃油中硫含量检测一直是海事部门的监管重点。随着我国港口贸易飞速发展,一种简单高效的船舶燃油硫含量检测手段对我国海洋环保事业具有重要意义。现有的检测方法普遍存在时效性差,应用范围窄等问题,难以实现船舶尾气的大范围快速遥测。利用高光谱成像技术实现船舶尾气中CO_(2)和SO_(2)的遥测,充分发挥高光谱成像技术信息丰富、检测距离远、检测范围广等优势,发展傅里叶变换干涉型高光谱成像技术与高光谱成像三维低秩优化技术,解决了开放光路下的低浓度检测问题和复杂环境干扰问题,成功计算出船舶燃油中的硫含量,为我国船舶燃油中硫含量监测提供有效工具。研究主要包括:在天津港东疆码头开展昼、夜时段固定船舶硫含量检测试验以及随机船舶硫含量检测试验,采集大量船舶尾气高光谱图像,建立船舶尾气数据库;发展针对复杂开放光路气体远距离检测的傅里叶变换干涉型高光谱成像技术,具有高通量、高光谱分辨率、高信噪比等优点,可以将检测距离扩增至1200 m,单次检测用时小于3 s;设计基于高光谱成像三维低秩优化技术对高光谱数据进行预处理,以低秩作为约束对高光谱图像进行三维重建,去除复杂环境对高光谱图像的干扰,实现高光谱图像信噪比的进一步提升;利用偏最小二乘法化学计量技术实现SO_(2)和CO_(2)气体浓度的准确解析,并依据真实大气辐射情况,建立辐射传输模型,从而实现对昼、夜环境下加注高硫油的固定船舶以及随机船舶中的准确识别,并在高光谱图像中SO_(2)气体浓度过高的部分进行主动标识。所述技术已在天津港进行了实地应用,成功检测出Xinchunshun号排放尾气中SO_(2)气体浓度超标,检测结果与海事部门掌握的数据相符,验证了基于高光谱成像技术的远程被动测量船舶尾气及燃油中硫含量检测的可行性。

In port transportation,the detection of sulfur content in vessel fuel has always been the focus of the maritime sector.However,the existing detection methods are tough to achieve remote monitoring effectively.This paper proposes a remote measuring method of CO_(2) and SO_(2) in vessel exhaust based on hyperspectral imaging technology.The Fourier transform interference hyperspectral imaging technology,and hyperspectral three-dimensional low-rank optimization technology is developed,which can effectively solve the low-concentration detection problems in open light path and complex environment.We perform the sulfur content detection tests for the fixed and random vessel day and night at Dongjiang Wharf of Tianjin Port.The Fourier transform interference hyperspectral imaging technology has been developed for remote exhaust detection under the complex open light paths.The hyperspectral data is preprocessed by hyperspectral imaging three-dimensional low-rank optimization technology.Finally,the accurate detection of sulfur content in vessel fuel has been analyzed accurately using partial least square(PLS)stoichiometry technology and a radiation transmission model according to the atmospheric radiation situation.The detection of fixed and random vessels filled with high sulfur fuel in day and night environments is accomplished.The detection distance is more than 1000 meters,and the single detection time is less than 3 s.The results are consistent with the data held by the maritime department,which verifies the feasibility of remote passive measurement of sulfur content in vessel fuel based on hyperspectral imaging technology.