喷施鱼蛋白对网纹甜瓜生长发育及果实品质的影响

Effects of spraying fish protein on growth and fruit quality of netted melon

为提高网纹甜瓜果实品质,筛选出叶面喷施鱼蛋白最适宜的浓度和喷施时间,测量网纹甜瓜株高、茎粗、叶面积、单瓜质量、可溶性固形物含量以及可溶性糖含量、抗坏血酸含量等指标,比较不同浓度、不同喷施时间对网纹甜瓜的影响。结果表明,叶面喷施1.00 g·L^(-1)鱼蛋白处理的单瓜质量较高,为1.89 kg,边部和中心可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)均最高,分别为14.93%和17.13%,分别较对照显著提高18.21%和11.96%,可溶性糖含量最高(58.94 mg·g^(-1)),比对照显著高16.89 mg·g^(-1),糖酸比适宜、果实口感好、品质较优。此外,生殖生长阶段喷施鱼蛋白可促进果实发育,增加单瓜质量;在授粉后45 d喷施鱼蛋白能显著提升果实品质,授粉后10 d和45 d均喷施(P6)的处理边部和中心可溶性固形物含量为15.30%和18.63%,分别较对照显著提高14.29%和11.11%,可溶性糖含量较对照显著提高了20.79 mg·g^(-1),授粉后45 d喷施处理(P5)的糖酸比最高,果实风味好。在授粉后45 d喷施质量浓度为1 g·L^(-1)的鱼蛋白可以提升网纹甜瓜果实品质且经济实惠,适合推广。

In order to improve the fruit quality of netted melon,the optimum concentration and period of spraying fish protein on leaf surface were selected.The plant height,stem diameter,leaf area,fruit weight,soluble solid content,soluble sugar and ascorbic acid in flesh of netted melon were determined,and the effects of different concentrations and spraying period on netted melon were compared.The results showed that average single fruit is 1.89 kg when 1.00 g·L^(-1) fish protein treatment,and the soluble solids content in the edge and center was the highest,which were 14.93%and 17.13%,respectively,which were 18.21%and 11.96%higher than that of the control.The total soluble sugar content of 58.94 mg·g^(-1) was 16.89 mg·g^(-1) higher than that of the control,the sugar acid ratio was suitable,the fruit taste was good,and the quality was better.In addition,it was found that spraying fish protein at reproductive growth stage could promote fruit development and increase single fruit weight.Spraying fish protein at 45 days after pollination could significantly improve fruit quality,and the soluble solid content in the edge and center of the treatment sprayed 10 days and 45 days after pollination was 15.30%and 18.63%,which were 14.29%and 11.11%higher than that of the control,respectively.,and the soluble sugar content increased by 20.79 mg·g^(-1) compared with the control.The ratio of sugar to acid was the highest and the fruit flavor was good.Spraying 1 g·L^(-1) fish protein 45 days after pollination can improve the fruit quality of netted melon,which is economical and suitable for popularization.