我国食用菌品种权保护及育种研究现状与展望

Development status and perspective of new varieties protection and breeding of edible mushroom in China

食用菌是营养的重要来源之一,具有很高的营养价值和经济价值。我国食用菌产量占全球总产的85%以上,产业规模位居世界第一,但食用菌品种权保护和育种研究滞后于生产需求。利用国家种业大数据和中国知网,对食用菌品种权保护情况和育种研究现状进行了分析和总结,指出食用菌授权品种数量较少,品种保护目录不够全面,研发力量薄弱,育种技术和基础研究滞后等问题,并对研究前景进行了展望,以期为食用菌品种权保护和育种研究提供参考,助推我国食用菌产业高质量发展。

Edible mushrooms are popular food items containing highly nutritious,and have high nutritional and economic value.Currently,China is the largest mushroom producer in the world.The annual mushroom production in China accounts for 85%of the world.And the edible mushrooms industry ranked first in the world,but the edible mushrooms new variety protection and breeding behind the production demand.To investigate the development status and perspective of new varieties protection and breeding of edible mushrooms in China.This paper used the national seed industry data and CNKI,and analyzed the research status of mushroom breeding and new varieties protection research directions and trends in the further.It was pointed out that there were some problems in research,varieties protection of edible mushroom were lacked,the protected directory was incomplete,research and development strength was weak,breeding technology and theory lags,etc.Strategies for mushroom breeding techniques and new varieties in the future are also discussed in this review paper.To provide theoretical support and reference for the research of edible fungus breeding and new varieties protection.It would contribute to the high-quality development of edible mushroom industry in China.