基于人工智能与大数据的双碳大气环境信息化应用进展与展望

The Development and Prospects of Informatization Applications in Dual-Carbon Atmospheric Environment Based on Artificial Intelligence and Big Data

[目的]二氧化碳与大气污染物化石燃料排放同源,在碳达峰碳中和的双碳进程中应协同治理,改善双碳大气环境。大气环境信息化应用主要基于大气化学传输数值模式展开,而双碳大气环境信息化应用还处于起步阶段。近年来,人工智能与大数据技术在双碳大气环境上的应用愈加广泛,蕴育科研范式从数值模式向与人工智能、大数据深度融合变革,因而亟需梳理当前进展并展望未来发展方向与路径。[方法]通过调研领域工作,勾勒基于人工智能与大数据的双碳大气环境信息化应用的研究路径和发展方向。[结果]双碳大气环境信息化应用应以人工智能、大数据科技创新实现对大气化学传输模式的融合替代,形成应用体系,实现更高精度、更快速度的数字化治理。[局限]本文提出的概念与设计,有待于未来的实施与验证。[结论]人工智能与大数据技术的应用,带来双碳大气环境科研范式变革机遇,同时也提出了挑战。协同推进算法突破与信息化系统研制,有助于实现这一科研范式变革。

[Objective]Emissions of carbon dioxide and air pollutants caused by fossil fuel usage are from similar activities,and thus need synergic governance in the process of“carbon-peak and carbon-neutrality”for a better“dual-carbon”atmospheric environment.Informatization applications in atmospheric environment are principally based on numerical chemistry transport models,whereas in dual-carbon atmospheric environment,such applications are still in their infancy stage.Recently,artificial intelligence and big data techniques have gained increasing popularity in dual-carbon atmospheric environment,which fosters the paradigm shift from numerical model-based research to deep fusion with artificial intelligence and big data techniques.Therefore,there is an urgent need to examine current developments and outline directions and pathways for future research.[Methods]This paper presents a brief review and prospects on the developments,directions,and pathways towards the future informatization applications based on artificial intelligence and big data techniques in dual-carbon atmospheric environment.[Results]It is shown that innovations with artificial intelligence and big data techniques are needed to fusion with or substitute the atmospheric chemistry transport models by emulations and corrections.Systematic applications based on the resulting hybrid models should be put forward so that digital governance of the dual-carbon atmospheric environment could be conducted in finer resolution and higher speed.[Limitations]Our proposed concept and design are to be verified by future implementations and experimentations.[Conclusions]The applications of artificial intelligence and big data techniques enable opportunities for a paradigm shift in dual-carbon atmospheric environment and in the meantime bring challenges.Joint efforts in algorithmic breakthroughs and information system development would help to realize this paradigm shift.