基于量子测量的量子计算模型综述

Review of quantum computation model based on quantum measurement

基于测量的单向量子计算是重要的通用量子计算模型,可以模拟一般量子计算任务。单向量子计算基于量子簇态作为计算资源,利用每个量子位的局部量子测量和经典通信执行一般量子计算。单向量子计算是与量子线路模型等价的量子计算模型。近年来,研究者们对单向量子计算的量子资源、纠缠度量、局部操作简化,以及量子通信等给出一系列研究成果,并基于光学平台开展了一些量子模拟实验。量子簇态与单向量子计算为一般量子计算提供非常好的量子任务处理方式,受到研究者们的广泛关注。该文主要总结基于测量的单向量子计算模型,包括重要的量子资源态、局部信息处理方式,以及与单向量子计算相关的研究;该文对单向量子计算存在的问题和前沿研究方法进行展望,为研究者提供借鉴。

One-way quantum computing based on measurement is a general quantum computing model that can simulate general quantum computational tasks.By introducing quantum clusters as entanglement resources,one-way quantum computing uses local measurements in each qubit for implementing arbitrary quantum circuits.This provides a quantum computing model equivalent to the quantum circuit model.In recent years,researchers have provided a series of research results on quantum resources,entanglement measurement,local operation simplification,and quantum communication in unidirectional quantum computing,and conducted some quantum simulation experiments based on optical platforms.Quantum cluster resources and measurement-based methods provide a potential way for general quantum computing and have attracted extensive attentions.This paper mainly reviews the measurement-based quantum computing model including some quantum resources,local information processing,as well as related fields.We finally present some problems and potential methods for future research.