基于思维导图的PBL教学法对提升老年患者拔牙规培教学效果的研究

The study of PBL teaching method based on mind mapping to improve the effect of standardized training of tooth extraction for elderly patients

目的评价基于思维导图策略的PBL教学法(Problem-based learning,PBL)在老年患者拔牙规范化培训教学中的作用。方法选取2020年6月—2022年6月在解放军总医院第三医学中心进行老年患者拔牙规范化培训的学员64名,分别利用传统教学法(对照组)与基于思维导图策略的PBL教学法(实验组)开展老年患者拔牙规范化培训教学。在临床操作前对其临床思维能力进行评价;在操作过程中对规培学员的理论与实践技能进行考评;在操作结束后对学员临床兴趣度以及患者满意度进行调查。结果与对照组相比,实验组包括确定病因、分析逻辑、鉴别诊断、资料收集程度、诊疗方案设计以及临床自信心6个方面的临床思维能力显著提高。在临床接诊操作阶段,实验组在病史采集、拔牙适应症与禁忌症评估以及拔牙成功率三个方面得分显著高于对照组(P<0.05),分别达到了90±4.19%,89.22±3.56%以及89.9±4.46%。此外,实验组的临床兴趣度VAS评分(4.6±0.52)以及患者满意度VAS评分(4.8±0.42)显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于思维导图策略的PBL教学法显著提升了口腔规培生在牙槽外科老年患者拔牙领域的理论与操作水平,克服了恐惧和畏难情绪,增加了其对临床工作的兴趣,进一步提升了患者满意度。

Objective To evaluate the effect of PBL teaching method based on mind mapping strategy in standardized training and teaching of tooth extraction for elderly patients.Method Sixty-four students who received standardized tooth extraction training for elderly patients in the Third Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital from June 2020 to June 2022 were selected.They were separately trained with traditional teaching mode(Control group)and mind mapping-PBL teaching mode(Experimental group).Before the clinical operation,the clinical critical thinking capacity was evaluated.During the operation,the theoretical and practical skills of the trainees were evaluated.After the operation,the interest scores of the trainees and the patient satisfaction were investigated.Results Compared with the control group,the experimental group showed significant improvement in clinical critical thinking capacity in six aspects,including the etiological analysis,analytical logic,differential diagnosis,degree of data collection,design of diagnosis and treatment plan,and confidence(P<0.05).The scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05)in terms of medical history collection,evaluation of extraction indications and contraindications,and extraction success rate,reaching 90±4.19%,89.22±3.56%,and 89.9±4.46%,respectively.In addition,the VAS score of clinical interest(4.6±0.52)and patient satisfaction(4.8±0.42)of the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion PBL teaching method based on mind mapping strategy has significantly improved the theoretical and operational level of oral discipline students in the field of tooth extraction for elderly patients in alveolar surgery,overcome fear and difficulty,increase their interest in clinical work,and further improve patient satisfaction.