牙周炎与新型冠状病毒感染关系研究

Research progress on the relationship between periodontitis and Corona Virus Disease 2019

牙周炎是细菌侵犯牙周组织引起的慢性感染性疾病,与多种呼吸系统疾病密切相关。新型冠状病毒感染(Corona Virus Disease 2019,COVID-19)是一种由急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2引起的呼吸系统炎症性疾病,传染性强,重型或危重型致死率高,严重威胁人类生命健康。研究发现牙周炎与COVID-19的严重程度之间可能相关,COVID-19伴牙周炎患者的住院风险和死亡风险较无牙周炎者显著升高,干嗽、乏力和呼吸困难等临床症状也较无牙周炎患者明显增加,可能的机制为牙周深袋为SARS-CoV-2提供储存场所,促进其在全身的传播,或牙周细菌及细菌毒性产物通过参与全身的免疫炎症反应,影响COVID-19的发展。本文就牙周炎与COVID-19可能的关系及作用机制作一综述,以期为牙周炎与COVID-19关系的深入研究及防治策略提供参考。

Periodontitis is a infectious disease caused by bacterial invasion of periodontaltissues,which is closely related to a variety of respiratory diseases.Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)is an inflammatory disease of the respiratory system caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.It is highly infectious and has a high mortality rate in severe or critical cases,seriously threatening human life and health.A possible relationship between periodontitis and the severity of COVID-19 was found that,the risk of hospitalization and death in patients with COVID-19 was significantly increased compared with those without periodontitis,and clinical symptoms such as dry cough,fatigue and dyspnea were also significantly increased compared with patients without periodontitis.The possible mechanism for periodontal deep pockets provides SARS-CoV-2 storage sites to promote its dissemination throughout the whole body,or for periodntal bacteria and bacterial toxic products by participating in the systemic immune inflammatory response,affecting the development of COVID-19.This article reviews the possible relationship and mechanism of action between periodontitis and COVID-19,in order to provide a reference for the intensive study and prevention strategies of the relationship between periodontitis and COVID-19.