抗菌肽的生物学功能与作用机制研究进展

Advances in Biological Functions and Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Peptides

抗生素的长期大量使用导致耐药菌和超级细菌在世界范围内陆续出现,对环境安全和公共健康造成了极大的威胁。抗菌肽具有免疫调节,广谱抗细菌、真菌、病毒、寄生虫、癌细胞等多方面的生物学作用。而且抗菌肽的抗菌机制与传统抗生素不同,其主要是通过破坏细菌细胞膜来发挥抗菌活性,因此不易产生耐药性,使其具备成为新一代抗菌药物的潜质,受到农业、畜牧、食品、医药等多领域的广泛关注。文章对国内外抗菌肽的研究进行了梳理,综述了抗菌肽在生物学功能、作用机制等方面的研究进展。

The long-term and extensive use of antibiotics has led to the widespread emergence of drug-resistant bacteria and super bacteria worldwide,posing a significant threat to environmental safety and public health.Antimicrobial peptides have a wide range of biological functions,such as immune regulation,killing bacteria,fungi,viruses,parasites,cancer cells and so on.Importantly,the antibacterial mechanism of antimicrobial peptides is different from that of the traditional antibiotics.They mainly exert antibacterial activity by destroying bacterial cell membranes,so they are not easy to produce drug resistance,which makes them have the potential to become a new generation of antibacterial drugs.Therefore,antimicrobial peptides are widely concerned in agriculture,animal husbandry,food,medicine and other fields.In this paper,the research progress of antimicrobial peptides in biological function and mechanism of action were reviewed.