帝俄晚期符拉迪沃斯托克市中等教育的发展与问题探究

The Development and Problems of Secondary Education in Vladivosk City in Late Imperial Russia

在帝俄晚期社会大变革的背景下,符拉迪沃斯托克市(海参崴)加快了教育事业的发展速度,其中等教育的发展尤为明显,但由于地处边疆地区,远离国家政治经济中心、起步晚、缺少资金等原因,其发展程度远远落后于俄国欧洲部分,同时面临很多问题,如教学资源严重紧缺、中等教育普及范围小等,影响了该市中等教育现代化的实现。但19世纪末至20世纪初的社会经济发展极大地促进了其中等教育体系的完善,各类中学也为符拉迪沃斯托克市乃至远东地区的发展输送了大量专业与技术人才,对社会、文化发展产生了深远影响。

Due to great social changes in the late period of the empire,Vladivostok accelerated educational development,especially for the development of secondary education.By comparison,the development was far behind the European part of Russia due to its location in a frontier region which is far from the political and economic center of the country,its late start and lack of funds.The modernization of secondary education in Vladivostok got hampered by a serious shortage of teaching resources and a narrow scope of secondary education.However,the socio-economic development in the late 19th and early 20th centuries greatly contributed to the improvement of secondary education system,and various secondary schools provided a large number of professional and technical personnel for the development of Vladivostok and for the Far East,which exerted a profound impact on the social and cultural development of the city.