转型期俄罗斯社会保护机制的构建(1991—2000)——基于制度主义视角

On Constructing Russian Social Protection Mechanism in the Transitional Period(1991—2000)——From Perspective of Institutionalism

从制度主义的理论视角出发,探索20世纪90年代转型时期俄罗斯政治经济剧烈变革的社会后果及其对社会保护机制构建的影响。俄罗斯转型的初始条件酝酿于前苏联体制中,政治经济的双重转型产生了严重的社会后果,导致旧的社会保护体制功能下降。俄政府开启重构社会保护机制的进程,解决最为突出的失业、贫困、社会不公、社会保障资金的短缺等问题,形成以多方筹资为基础的社会保护机制。新的社会保护机制的构建有其内在的制度逻辑,其不仅是政治和经济体制巨变下的被动反应,也有自身内在发展的阶段性轨迹。

This paper explores the social consequences of the drastic political and economic changes in Russia during the transition period in the 1990s and its impact on the construction of social protection mechanism from the perspective of institutionalism.The initial conditions of Russia’s transformation are brewed in the former Soviet system.The dual transformation of politics and economy has serious social consequences,which leads to the decline in the function of the old social protection system.The Russian government triggers the process of reconstructing the social protection mechanism,in order to solve the most prominent problems such as unemployment,poverty,social injustice and the shortage of social security funds,and forms a social protection mechanism based on multi-party financing.The construction of new social protection mechanism has its internal institutional logic.It is not only a passive response to the great changes of political and economic system,but also has its own internal development stage track.