二战后日本妇女保护事业的新发展——以日本妇女团体推动冲绳《卖春防止法》的实施为例

The New Development of Japanese Women’s Protection Cause after World War II——Taking the Implementation of Okinawa Anti-Prostitution Law by Japanese Women’s Organizations as an Example

二战后,冲绳在美军的托管之下,由于美军只重视接收冲绳的土地建造军事基地,美军未采取相应积极的措施促使冲绳经济恢复。在这种情况下,卖春成为冲绳女性为数不多的生存手段之一。之后因预借金的出现,冲绳妇女未能摆脱贫困,反而深受暴力团伙的威胁。尽管琉球政府于1970年已颁布《卖春防止法》,但并没有得到具体实施。日本妇女团体深知冲绳从事卖春行业妇女的艰难处境,便借由冲绳回归日本之际,正式向政府提出在冲绳全面实行《卖春防止法》的请求。此项请求不仅促进了1972年《卖春防止法》在冲绳得到具体实施,也推动了冲绳妇女保护事业的发展。

After the Second World War,Okinawa was under the custody of the US military.At that time,the US military only concerned the construction of military bases in Okinawa,but took no corresponding positive measures to promote economic recovery in Okinawa.In this situation,prostitution has become one of the few means of survival for Okinawan women.Later,because of the advance payment,Okinawan women did not escape poverty but were threatened by violent gangs.Although the Ryukyu government promulgated Anti-prostitution Law in 1970,it has not been implemented in practice.The Japanese women’s groups were well aware of the difficult situation of the women engaged in prostitution in Okinawa;on the occasion of Okinawa’s return to Japan,the groups formally proposed to the government the full implementation of the Anti-prostitution Law.This request not only promoted the concrete implementation of Anti-prostitution Law in 1972 in Okinawa,but also promoted the development of women protection cause in Okinawa.