40种中草药及其联合应用对凡纳滨对虾源副溶血弧菌的体外抑菌作用

The bacteriostatic effect of 40 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines and their combinations on Vibrio parahaemolyticus from Litopenaeus vannamei in vitro

【目的】探究40种单方中草药及其复方中草药水提取液对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)源副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)的体外抑菌效果。【方法】采用牛津杯打孔法测定40种单方中草药对副溶血弧菌的体外抑菌作用,然后用微量肉汤稀释法测定具有抑菌效果的中草药对副溶血弧菌的最小抑菌质量浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC)和最小杀菌质量浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC),并选取具有较强抑菌活性的中草药进行复方作用评价。【结果】34种中草药对副溶血弧菌有抑制作用,其中黄连(Rhizoma coptidis)、乌梅(Fructus mume)、苏木(Caesalpinia sappan)、五倍子(Rhus chinensis)、地榆(Sanguisorba officinalis)、黄柏(Cortex phellodendri)6种中草药对副溶血弧菌的抑菌作用较强,抑菌圈直径为21.00~26.00 mm,最小抑菌质量浓度为3.91~31.25 mg/mL,最小杀菌质量浓度为7.81~62.50 mg/mL。黄连+乌梅、黄连+苏木、乌梅+五倍子、黄连+黄柏和黄柏+五倍子联合对副溶血弧菌抑菌效果较好,其中以黄连+苏木组合对副溶血弧菌抑菌效果最佳,抑菌圈直径达28.74 mm,最小抑菌质量浓度与最小杀菌质量浓度分别为1.95 mg/mL、3.91 mg/mL,联合抑菌指数为0.50,表现为协同作用。【结论】34种中草药对凡纳滨对虾源副溶血弧菌具有抑菌作用,以黄连+苏木联合对凡纳滨对虾源副溶血弧菌的体外抑菌和杀菌作用最强。

【Objective】To study the antibacterial effect of water extracts of 40 kinds of single Chinese herbal medicines and their compounds against Vibrio parahaemolyticus from Litopenaeus vannamei in vi⁃tro.【Method】The antibacterial effect of 40 kinds of single Chinese herbal medicines was determined by the Oxford cup method,and then the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)and the minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC)of Chinese herbal medicines with good antibacterial effect on V.parahaemolyticus were determined by the Broth microdilution method.The Chinese herbal medicines with better inhibitory activities against V.parahaemolyticus were selected to evaluate the antibacterial effect of their compounds.【Result】34 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines had inhibitory effects on V.parahaemolyticus,among which Rhizoma coptidis,Fructus mume,Caesalpinia sappan,Rhus chinensis,Sanguisorba officinalis and Cortex phellodendri had relatively strong inhibitory effects on V.parahaemolyticus,with inhibitory circle diameter ranging from 21.00 to 26.00 mm,MICs from 3.91 to 31.25 mg/mL and MBCs from 7.81 to 62.50 mg/mL.The combinations of R.coptidis+F.mume,R.coptidis+C.sappan,F.mume+R.chinen⁃sis,R.coptidis+C.phellodendri and C.phellodendri+R.chinensis had better antibacterial effect against V.parahaemolyticu,among which the combination of R.coptidis+C.sappan had the best antibacterial effect.The inhibitory circle diameter was 28.74 mm,MIC was 1.95 mg/mL,and MBC was 3.91 mg/mL against V.parahaemolyticus,and the fraction inhibitory concentration index was 0.50,showing a synergistic effect.【Conclusion】The 34 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines had inhibitory effects on V.parahaemo⁃lyticus from L.vannamei,and the combination of R.coptidis+C.sappan showed the strongest bacteriostatic/bactericidal effect against V.parahaemolyticus from L.vannamei in vitro.