两种白刺属植物寄生锁阳营养成分分析

Determination and analysis of nutritional components in Cynomorium songaricum parasitic on two species of Nitraria

【目的】揭示小果白刺和大白刺寄生锁阳的营养组成及差异。【方法】采用分光光度法、氨基酸分析仪和电感耦合等离子体质谱等方法,对寄生于小果白刺和大白刺的锁阳茎与花序中的营养组成进行了测定。【结果】在水分、灰分、蛋白质、脂肪、多糖、粗纤维、可溶性膳食纤维和总膳食纤维含量方面,不同寄主及不同部位样品间无差异显著性(P>0.05)。寄生于小果白刺的锁阳茎和花序部位的氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸和药效氨基酸含量均高于寄生于大白刺锁阳的相应部位,且同一寄主锁阳的花序部位氨基酸含量显著高于茎部位(P<0.01)。对50种矿质元素进行了检测,锁阳中共检测出了23种矿物质元素,含量前3位的分别是S、Ca和Mg,其中镉(Cd)仅在锁阳茎部位中检出,而钒(V)仅在花序部位中检出;系统聚类结果表明,不同寄主锁阳的同一部位样品更为相似。【结论】两种白刺属植物寄生锁阳的营养组成差异不显著,但同一寄主锁阳的茎部位和花序部位氨基酸含量却存在极显著差异。本研究为不同寄主锁阳鉴别以及品质鉴定提供了数据支撑,也为锁阳资源的综合开发利用提供了依据。

【Objective】To study the nutritional components and their difference of C.songaricum that hosted in Nitraria sibirica and N.roborowskii.【Method】The nutritional components in the stem and inflorescence of C.songaricum from two Nitraria species were analyzed by spectrophotometry,amino acid analyzer and ICP-MS.【Result】There were no significant differences(P>0.05)in the contents of water,ash,protein,fat,polysaccharide,crude fiber,soluble dietary fiber and total dietary fiber among the four samples.The analysis of amino acids showed that the content of total amino acids,essential amino acids and drug effective amino acids in the stem and inflorescence of C.songaricum hosted in N.sibirica were higher than those hosted in N.roborowskii,and the amino acid content of inflorescence from the same host was extremely higher than that of stem(P<0.01).The results of elemental content showed that 23 out of 50 elements were detected,among which Cd was detected only in the stem and V only in the inflorescence.The elements of the same part of C.songaricum from the different hosts were more similar that those obtained by systematic cluster analysis.【Conclusion】The nutrient composition of C.songaricum hosted in two Nitraria was observed without significant difference,but the difference of amino acid content in stem and inflorescence has been remarkable.This study provided data and scientific basis for the quality analysis,comprehensive development and utilization of C.songaricum.