论西部文学乡村话语的现代性建构——以王选《最后一个村庄》为中心

On the Modern Construction of Country Discourse in Western Literature—With the Center of Wang Xuan's The Last Village

《最后一个村庄》讲述了麦村在现代文明冲击下逐渐土崩瓦解的故事。作者以其自觉的文体意识,用大量的颓废叙事来言说势不可挡的现代文明的到来,从而建构出一套独特的西部文学乡村现代话语。首先,颓废叙事将旧文明陌生化并从中揭示出现代性特征,作者自觉地在时间维度和叙事模式两个层面展现出新旧文明势头的此消彼长,并在展开的过程中构造了大量的空间样貌。其次,作者尝试以空间叙事来展现作品从形式结构到精神内核的现代性,并以地理空间为依托来言说新旧文明间的二元对立和不可调和。再次,作者把小说结构和内容相融合,在开篇的故事中以异质的人物性别身份建构来隐喻现代文明的潜入。最后,作者借小说来言说对“回不去的故乡”诚挚的惜别之情,又将乡村传统文化保存于乡村书写,为我国新农村的重建提供养料。

The Last Village mainly talks about a story that Mai Village has gradually fallen apart under the impact of modern civilization.With his self-conscious stylistic awareness,the author uses large numbers of decadent narration to describe the coming of overwhelming modern civilization,and constructs one set of unique rural modern discourse of western literature.Firstly,because decadent narration makes old civilization become strange and reveals the modern characteristics from it,the author self-consciously shows the fall and rise of new and old civilizations from two aspects of time dimension and narrating mode,and constructs a great deal of spatial appearances in the narration of story.Then,the author attempts to present the modernization of works from formal structure to spiritual core by means of spatial narration,and explains the binary opposition and the irreconcilability of new and old civilizations based on the geological space.Next,the author combines novel structure with the contents,creates the slipping of modern civilization by metaphors with the construction of heterogeneous person's character,gender and identity in the opening story.Finally,the author expresses his sincere farewells to"the home that can't go back"by the novel,and then protects traditional rural culture in his writing of the countryside,providing nutriment for the reconstruction of Chinese new countryside.