玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合纤维的制备及其力学性能

Preparation and mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite fibers

为探索玻璃和聚丙烯两相间的界面结合效果和长期稳定性,实现玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合纤维的产业化制备,采用不同质量分数的玻璃纤维(增强剂)和聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(相容剂),以及玻璃纤维表面改性和不同纺丝速度等试验方案,制备玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合纤维并研究其力学性能。通过差示扫描量热仪和熔融指数仪确定了样品的可纺性;通过红外光谱仪、扫描电镜等分析了表面改性玻璃纤维(表面改性剂为硅烷偶联剂KH550)与聚丙烯之间的界面结合机理和效果。力学测试结果表明:玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合纤维的拉伸强度相比纯聚丙烯纤维最多提高29.7%;相比纯聚丙烯的注塑样品,二次熔融制备的玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯注塑样品的拉伸强度、弯曲模量、抗冲击强度分别提高29.2%、37.5%、22.3%。

Glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite fiber was prepared by using the experimental schemes of adding different mass fractions of glass fiber(reinforcing agent)and polypropylene grafting maleic anhydride(compatible agent),and modifying glass fiber surface and taking different spinning speeds.The study aims to explore the interface combination effect and long-term stability of glass and polypropylene,and realize the industrial preparation of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite fiber.The mechanical properties of the composite fiber were studied.The spinnability of the sample was determined by differential scanning calorimeter and melting index.The mechanism and effect of interface bonding between polypropylene and glass fiber modified by silane coupling agent KH550 were analyzed by infrared spectrometer and scanning electron microscope.The results of the mechanical tests show that the tensile strength of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite fiber increases by 29.7% at most compared with pure polypropylene fiber.The plastic injection sample was prepared by secondary melting of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene.Its tensile strength increase by 29.2%,bending modulus increase by 37.5%,and impact resistance increase by 29.2%,37.5%,22.3% respectively,compared with the plastic injection sample prepared by pure polypropylene.