椎动脉发育不良及其与后循环缺血性脑卒中关系的影像学研究进展

Advances in imaging research of vertebral artery hypoplasia and its relationship with posterior circulation ischemic stroke

椎动脉发育不良是大脑后循环系统的先天性血管变异,但越来越多的研究发现它可能是后循环缺血性脑卒中的危险因素。既往的研究多数基于传统管腔成像技术探讨椎动脉发育不良与后循环脑卒中的关系,但忽略了鉴别椎动脉发育不良与动脉粥样硬化的必要性,高分辨力血管壁成像显示管壁结构改变具有巨大优势,能更深层次地揭示它们之间的关系。本文就椎动脉发育不良的诊断及发生率、影像评价方法及其与后循环缺血性卒中的关系进行综述,以期提高临床对椎动脉发育不良的关注及进一步认识,减少相关不良事件的发生。

Vertebral artery hypoplasia is a congenital vascular variation of the posterior cerebral circulation system,but more and more studies have found that it may be a risk factor for posterior circulation ischemic stroke.Most previous studies investigate the relationship between vertebral artery hypoplasia and posterior circulation stroke based on the traditional lumen imaging technology.But they ignore the necessity of differentiating vertebral artery hypoplasia from atherosclerosis in stroke.High-resolution vessel wall imaging has great advantages in showing the structural changes of vessel wall and revealing the relationship.This article reviews the diagnosis and incidence of vertebral artery hypoplasia,imaging evaluation methods,and its relationship with posterior circulation ischemic stroke,in order to improve clinical attention and further understanding of vertebral artery hypoplasia and reduce the occurrence of related adverse events.