增殖型肝细胞癌的MRI特征与研究进展

MRI features and research progress of proliferative hepatocellular carcinoma

肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC)的病理分型与特定的基因突变和致癌途径密切相关,有研究提出了一种侵袭性亚型:增殖型HCC,该亚型通常具有极差的细胞分化、高甲胎蛋白水平及频繁的微血管侵犯,相较于非增殖型HCC复发率高,预后极差。MRI能够无创性预测增殖型HCC,本文就增殖型HCC的相关MRI特征及基于MRI的影像组学与深度学习技术诊断增殖型HCC的研究进展进行综述,并探讨面临的挑战,为放射科医师识别增殖型HCC提供理论依据,实现临床应用中对增殖型HCC的早期诊断及预后评估。

Pathological subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma are closely related to specific gene mutations and carcinogenic pathways.Studies have proposed an aggressive subtype:proliferative hepatocellular carcinoma,which usually has poor cell differentiation,high alpha-fetoprotein level and frequent microvascular invasion.Compared with non-proliferative hepatocellular carcinoma,this subtype has a high recurrence rate and a poor prognosis.MRI can noninvasively predict proliferative hepatocellular carcinoma.This paper reviews the MRI characteristics of proliferative hepatocellular carcinoma and the research progress of MRI based imaging omics and deep learning in the diagnosis of proliferative hepatocellular carcinoma,and discuss the challenges to provide theoretical basis for radiologists to identify proliferative hepatocellular carcinoma and to realize the early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of proliferative hepatocellular carcinoma in clinical application.