我国籽实和饲草谷子土壤有效磷丰缺指标和推荐施磷量

Abundance-deficiency indexes of soil available P and recommended phosphorus fertilizer application rates for grain and forage millets in China

为了给我国谷子测土施磷提供科学依据,采用“零散实验数据整合法”和“养分平衡—地力差减法新应用公式”,开展了我国谷子土壤有效磷丰缺指标和推荐施磷量研究。结果表明,我国谷子土壤有效磷(Olsen-P)第1至5级丰缺指标依次为≥45、14~45、5~14、2~5和<2 mg/kg;当磷肥利用率20%时,目标产量3~7.5 t/hm^(2)籽实谷子第1~5级土壤推荐施磷量分别为0、15~38、30~75、45~113和60~150 kg/hm^(2);目标产量6~15 t/hm^(2)干草谷子第1~5级土壤推荐施磷量依次为0、15~38、30~75、45~113和60~150 kg/hm^(2);目标产量15~45 t/hm^(2)青贮谷子第1~5级土壤推荐施磷量分别为0、13~38、26~77、38~115和51~153 kg/hm^(2)。初步建立了我国籽实和饲草谷子土壤有效磷丰缺指标推荐施肥系统,为我国谷子测土施磷奠定了科学基础。

To provide scientific basis for soil testing and phosphorus(P)fertilizer recommendation of millets,we studied the abundance-deficiency index(ADI)of soil P and the recommended phosphorus fertilizer application rate(RPFAR)for millets in China.The methods of scattered experimental data integration and the new applied formula based on“nutrient balance and target yield minus soil fertility yield”were adopted in this study.The results show that the ADI of soil available phosphorus(Olsen-P)for millets in China from the first to the fifth level are≥45,14~45,5~14,2~5 and<2 mg/kg,respectively.When the phosphorus fertilizer use efficiency in current season(PFUEICS)is 20%and the target yield of grain millet is 3~7.5 t/hm^(2),the ranges of the RPFAR for the abundance-deficiency level 1~5 from high to low are 0,15~38,30~75,45~113,and 60~150 kg/hm^(2),respectively.When the PFUEICS is 20%and the target yield of millet hay is 6~15 t/hm^(2),the ranges of the RPFAR for the abundance-deficiency level 1~5 from high to low are 0,15~38,30~75,45~113,and 60~150 kg/hm^(2),respectively.When the PFUEICS is 20%and the target yield of millet silage is 15~45 t/hm^(2),the ranges of the RPFAR for the abundance-deficiency level 1~5 from high to low are 0,13~38,26~77,38~115,and 51~153 kg/hm^(2),respectively.In this study,we have initially established the recommended fertilization system of soil available P for grain and forage millets in China,and it lays a scientific foundation for soil testing and phosphorus fertilization of millets in China.