水淹胁迫对3种紫云英生长及生理代谢的影响

Effects of waterlogging stress on the growth and physiological metabolism of three Astragalus sinicus cultivars

为了解南方稻田绿肥紫云英对涝害的响应机制,以余干种、闽紫2号和弋江籽3个紫云英品种为试验材料,采用盆栽试验模拟水淹胁迫,研究涝害对3个品种紫云英生长及生理代谢的影响。结果表明:水淹胁迫显著降低了3个紫云英品种生物量和株高,其中弋江籽总生物量降低幅度最大,达38.1%,地上部生物量降低34.8%,地下部生物量降低40.1%。水淹胁迫下3个紫云英品种的最大光化学效率、电子传递效率、光化学猝灭系数分别降低23.2%~29.3%、8.3%~14.8%和31.5%~34.8%,非光化学猝灭系数上升41.8%~70.8%,叶片的光合活性受到抑制。水淹胁迫导致3个紫云英品种的保护酶系统活性显著升高,丙二醛地上部和地下部含量分别增加63.6%~72.0%和52.4%~63.1%。余干种、闽紫2号和弋江籽幼苗地上部的过氧化氢酶活性较对照分别提高164.0%、127.1%和121.0%,过氧化物酶分别提高30.4%、46.7%和30.7%,超氧化物歧化酶分别提高12.5%、10.2%和15.0%。通过隶属函数法对3个紫云英品种的耐涝性排序为闽紫2号>余干种>弋江籽。

In order to study the effect of waterlogging stress on the growth and physiological metabolism of Astragalus sinicus L.,three cultivars(Yuganzhong,Minzi2 and Yijiangzi)were used as experimental materials.Waterlogging significantly reduced the biomass and plant height of three cultivars.Among three cultivars,the biomass of Yijiangzi under waterlogging showed the largest decline,reaching 38.1%.Under waterlogging stress,the biomass of shoot and root of Yijiangzi decreased by 34.8%and 40.1%,respectively,as compared with control.Under waterlogging stress,the maximum photochemical efficiency,electron transport efficiency and photochemical quenching coefficient of three tested cultivars decreased by 23.2%to 29.3%,8.3%to 14.8%,31.5%to 34.8%,respectively,and the non-photochemical quenching coefficient increased by 41.8%~70.8%.The photosynthetic activity of leaves was strongly inhibited by waterlogging.In addition,waterlogging resulted in a dramatic increase in the activity of antioxidant enzyme system,and the content of malondialdehyde in shoot were increased by 63.6%to 72.0%,and the content of malondialdehyde in root were increased by 52.4%to 63.1%.The catalase activity in the shoot of Yuganzhong,Minzi2 and Yijiangzi seedlings increased by 164.0%,127.1%,121.0%,the peroxidase activity increased by 30.4%,46.7%,30.7%,and the superoxide dismutase increased by 12.5%,10.2%and 15.0%,respectively.The fuzzy subordinate function analysis suggested that the waterlogging tolerance of three cultivars decreased in the order of Minzi2>Yuganzhong>Yijiangzi.