不同砧木对纽荷尔脐橙嫁接苗生长和生理指标的影响

Effect of Growth and Physiological Indexes of Navel Orange Budlings Grafted on Seven Citrus Rootstock Cultivars

[目的]砧木对柑桔接穗品种生长、产量和品质的影响虽已被证实,但仍缺少更广范围的系统性研究。[方法]比较了资阳香橙、卡里佐枳橙、枸头橙、宜昌橙、印度酸桔、红桔和枳共7种砧木对纽荷尔脐橙嫁接苗生长量、光合色素、可溶性总糖、淀粉和叶片矿质营养的影响。[结果]资阳香橙砧嫁接苗地上部的株高、干径、成枝量、叶面积、叶片厚度、干鲜重,以及地下部根长和干鲜重,均显著高于其他砧木的嫁接苗;在光合色素方面,枳砧最高,其他砧木嫁接苗之间差异不显著;资阳香橙砧嫁接苗叶片的可溶性蛋白含量较高,而卡里佐枳橙砧较低,且与其他砧木存在显著性差异;此外,资阳香橙砧嫁接苗叶片的脯氨酸、可溶性总糖含量最高,卡里佐枳橙砧嫁接苗叶片的淀粉含量最高;在叶片矿质元素方面,资阳香橙砧嫁接苗叶片N、P和K含量较低,其他中微量元素含量较高。[结论]资阳香橙砧纽荷尔脐橙嫁接苗在生长量、叶片可溶性总糖和叶片矿质营养方面优势较明显。在生产应用中,资阳香橙砧具有树势强健,根系发达,嫁接亲和性好,对于中微量元素吸收能力较强等明显优势,适应在碱性土柑桔产区应用。

[Objective]Effects of rootstocks on tree growth,yield and fruit quality of citrus trees has been confirmed,but there is still a lack of systematic research on a wider range.[Method]In this study,the effects of seven rootstocks,namely Ziyangxiang organge,Carrizo trifoliate orange,Goutou orange,Yichang orange,Indian tangerine,red tangerine and trifoliate orange,on the growth,photosynthetic pigment,total soluble sugar,starch and leaf mineral nutrition of Newhall navel orange grafted seedlings were compared.[Result]The results showed that the plant height,stem diameter,quantity of spring branches,leaf area,leaf thickness,leaf fresh weight,leaf dry weight,root length as well as dry and fresh weight of Ziyangxiang orange budlings were significantly higher than those grafted on other rootstocks.Budlings of trifoliate orange had the highest photosynthetic pigments content and there was no significant difference among budlings on other rootstocks.Compared with other seedlings,budlings on Ziyangxiang orange exhibited higher soluble protein content,while budlings on Carrizo trifoliate orange showed a low level of soluble protein content and there was no significant differences among budlings on other rootstocks.Besides,the largest amount of total soluble sugar and proline in leaf was extracted from budlings on Ziyangxiang rootstock and the largest amount of starch content was obtained on Carrizo trifoliate rootstock.In terms of mineral elements in leaves,the contents of N,P and K in leaves of Ziyangxiang orange rootstock grafted seedlings were lower,and the contents of medium trace elements were higher.[Conclusion]Ziyangxiang orange rootstock has more remarkable advantages than other rootstocks for Newhall navel orange scion on growth rate,as well as soluble sugars and mineral nutrition of leaves.In production,it has obvious advantages such as strong tree strength,developed root system,broad grafting affinity and strong absorption ability of medium trace elements,making it suitable for citrus production in alkaline soil.