香芹酚/β-环糊精包合物制备及熏蒸防治白菜根肿病的研究

Study on Preparation of Carvacrol/β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex and Fumigation to Control Cabbage Clubroot

[目的]为寻找防治十字花科蔬菜根肿病的新药,同时解决香芹酚易挥发难以直接用于田间生产的问题。[方法]通过共沉淀法制备香芹酚/β-环糊精包合物,利用紫外分光光度计(UV-Vis)、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)、核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)和电子显微镜(SEM)测定香芹酚/β-环糊精包合物的包封率和表征;采用伊文思蓝染色观察香芹酚处理后根肿病菌孢子的死亡率,结合香芹酚/β-环糊精包合物熏蒸处理根肿病土的温室盆栽试验,研究香芹酚对根肿病的防效。[结果]香芹酚/β-环糊精包合物产率为82.6%,包封率为53%,傅里叶红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱证实香芹酚/β-环糊精包合物的形成,SEM下能够观察到规律、大小均匀的香芹酚/β-环糊精包合物颗粒;香芹酚稀释1 000倍处理根肿病菌孢子5 d后,根肿病菌的孢子平均致死率为43.33%,比1%甲醇、无菌水处理的根肿病菌孢子平均致死率提高了29.88%和31.66%;在香芹酚的包合物覆膜熏蒸病土的2次温室盆栽试验中,T_1处理白菜根肿病发病率和病情指数分别为60%和12.59,CK_1白菜根肿病发病率和病情指数分别为100%和39.26;T_2处理白菜根肿病发病率和病情指数分别为73.33%和24.44,CK_2白菜根肿病发病率和病情指数分别为100%和51.11,相对防效分别为67.93%和52.18%。[结论]香芹酚对根肿病菌孢子有直接致死作用,香芹酚/β-环糊精包合物熏蒸处理对根肿病有较好的防效,可以为后续的大田试验和根肿病新药研制提供理论基础。

[Objective]This study aims to to find a new drug for the prevention and treatment of clubroot of cruciferous vegetables,thus solving the problem that carvacrol is volatile and difficult to be directly used in field production.[Method]In this study,Carvacrol/β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex was prepared by coprecipitation method,uv-vis,Fourier photometer,1H NMR and SEM were used to determine the entrapment efficiency and characterization of carvacrolβ-cyclodextrin inclusion Proton NMR.The effect of carvacrol on the control of clubroot disease was studied by observing the mortality of spores of clubroot fungus treated with carvacrol by Evans blue staining and greenhouse pot experiment of treating clubroot soil with carvacrol-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex fumigation.[Result]The yield of Carvacrol/β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex was 82.6%,and the encapsulation efficiency was 53%.FTIR confirmed the formation of Carvacrol/β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex,and regular and uniform Carvacrol/β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex particles could be observed under SEM;After carvacrol was diluted 1000 times and treated for 5 days,the average lethality of clubroots was 43.33%,which was 29.88%and 31.66%higher than that treated with 1%methanol and sterile water;In two greenhouse pot experiments of fumigating diseased soil with the inclusion compound of Carvacrol/β-cyclodextrin,the incidence and disease index of cabbage clubroot were 60%and 12.59 in T1 treatment,those of CK1 cabbage were 100%and 39.26;and those of T2 treatment of Chinese cabbage clubroot were 73.33%and 24.44,respectively,those of CK2 were 100%and 51.11,and the relative control effects were 67.93%and 52.18%,respectively.[Conclusion]Carvacrol has a direct lethal effect on clubroot,and fumigation of carvacrol/β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex has a good control effect on clubroot,which can be used for subsequent field experiments and provides a theoretical basis for the development of new drugs for clubroot disease.