全球化语境下的历史叙事如何可能?——王安忆小说《一把刀,千个字》的历史书写

How is the Historical Narrative Possible under Globalization?-The Historical Writing of The Knife&Words of Wang Anyi

《一把刀,千个字》体现了全球化语境下作家叙述历史的努力与尝试。王安忆对“现代性的全球化”的省思在相当程度上坐实为“物观”美学,且切实关乎其小说技艺的调整。对自我“历史观”的明显介入与清理,体现出作家更为具体、细腻、丰富、多元、开放的历史观察与哲性思考。但在实际操作中,又暴露出其思辨的游移与局限。上海成为全球视域下地方书写的“一环”,彰示着王安忆小说的结构性调整。以历史空间化取代空间历史化,王安忆在寻找历史叙事的新可能的同时,也注重对话海外视野,并及时调整自己的创作。《一把刀,千个字》与王安忆多年来的创作经验,也从一个侧面集中体现了当代作家面临的共同问题:在全球化及其不断衍生的问题面前,如何感知当下、叙述历史,推进当代文学的历史叙事走向突破与更新。

The Knife&Words embodies the efforts and attempts of writers to narrate history in the context of globalization.Wang Anyi’s reflection on the“globalization of modernity”is considerably identified as aesthetic view of“material”,and it is really related to the adjustment of the writing techniques of fiction.The obvious intervention and purification of her“historical view”reveals the writer's more concrete,detailed,thriving,multidimensional,open-minded historical observation and philosophical thinking.However,in the actual operation,the wandering and limitations of her speculation have also been exposed.The fact that Shanghai has become a“link”of local writing from a global perspective highlights the structural adjustment of Wang Anyi’s novels.Replacing spatial historicization with historical spatialization,Wang Anyi not only looks for new possibilities for historical narrative,but also pays attention to dialogue with overseas perspectives and adjusts her creations in time.The Knife&Words and Wang Anyi’s creative experience over the years also embody the common problems faced by contemporary writers from one aspect:how to perceive the present,narrate history,and promote the historical narrative of contemporary literature towards breakthrough and renewal in the face of globalization and its continuously derived problems.