基于因子分析的贵州省农村居民突发公共卫生事件应急能力研究

A Study on the Emergency Response Capacity of Rural Residents in Guizhou for Public Health Emergencies Based onFactor Analysis

目的:了解贵州省农村居民突发公共卫生事件应急能力现状,提出对策建议。方法:2022年6月分别在遵义市习水县、黔东南榕江县和岑巩县、黔西南安龙县和贞丰县、铜仁市思南县和江口县、毕节市金沙县各随机抽取1个村发放正式调查问卷,共发放问卷460份,回收有效问卷443份。通过对问卷数据进行探索性因子分析(EFA)和验证性因子分析(CFA)形成正式量表,测量并评价贵州省农村居民突发公共卫生事件个人应急能力。结果:通过探索性因子分析提取了预防控制能力、应急救治能力和应急科普知识3个公因子,通过验证性因子分析可知量表χ^(2)自由度比为2.981,近似误差均方根为0.097,残差均方根为0.036,均符合标准,说明问卷信效度良好。443份样本问卷数据突发公共卫生事件应急能力总分平均为(3.609±0.805)分,其中,预防控制能力得分最高,为(4.079±0.791)分;其次为应急科普知识得分,为(3.508±0.894)分;应急救治能力得分最低,为(3.239±1.062)分。结论:贵州省农村居民突发公共卫生事件危机意识和防范意识有待增强,应加强贵州省农村居民应对突发公共卫生事件的硬保障和软实力,同时应在农村社区成立突发公共卫生事件应急小组,以强化农村地区应急力量。

OBJECTIVE To explore how to help family doctors establish a set of efficient and high-quality work mode based on the functional orientation of family doctors work for improving work efficiency during working hours,optimizing work quality,and making services a higher evaluation.METHODS Using literature retrieval,group discussions and structured interviews to complete the research in the design stage,the research stage and the optimization stage.RESULTS Form an efficient and high-quality family doctor work model work framework of five horizontal including function positioning,work content,executive division of labor,internal cooperation,tool upgrade to one vertical which means construction of quality,and elaborated on the connotation of five horizontal,especially in the link of work content,the establishment of a family doctor to carry out various work can be universal process(community mobilization,information collection/screening,information analysis/diagnosis,treatment plan/intervention,follow-up).The necessity and development difficulties of the role of family doctor assistant are clarified from the process.CONCLUSION The work framework of an efficient and high-quality family doctor work model developed in this study can guide the family doctor team to quickly straighten out the current service status,and quickly establish a corresponding work model for new health service tasks to ensure high efficiency and high quality.