中西医治疗桥本甲状腺炎及其伴发病症概述

Overview of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Treating Hashimoto′s Thyroiditis and its Accompanying Symptoms

桥本甲状腺炎(hashimoto′s thyroiditis,HT)为自身免疫性疾病,与其他器官特异性或系统性自身免疫性疾病之间存在关联,易合并其他多种疾病,如甲状腺功能异常、糖尿病、多囊卵巢综合征、甲状腺癌等。借助现代诊疗技术可以在早期明确筛查诊断HT,但其治疗主要是对症治疗和控制病情的进展,缺少对未出现甲状腺功能减退或亚临床甲状腺功能减退患者的治疗方案。西医对HT的特异性治疗手段较为局限,有效药物及途径较为单一,且大多药物具有较为严重的不良反应,且由于HT会引发内分泌系统失衡,故通常与多种内分泌疾病共同发病,导致治疗难度增加且病程较长;中医药能在内分泌疾病中发挥优势,但目前单纯中药治疗缺乏明确的治疗准则,还需要逐步完善诊疗系统;中西医结合治疗HT及其伴发病症在改善症状、提高患者生活质量和疗效等方面发挥了积极作用。将西医诊断与中医辨证相结合,中药、西药兼而并用,是治疗HT及其伴发病诊疗的未来趋势,今后,应加强对其发病机制、影响及其免疫学意义的研究,深入探索多种疾病的关联。

Hashimoto′s thyroiditis(HT)is an autoimmune disease,which is associated with other organ specific or systemic autoimmune diseases.It is easy to combine with other diseases,such as thyroid dysfunction,diabetes,polycystic ovary syndrome,thyroid adenocarcinoma,etc.With the help of modern diagnostic and treatment technology,HT can be clearly screened and diagnosed in the early stage,but its treatment mainly focuses on symptomatic treatment and control of disease progression,lacking treatment plans for patients who have not experienced hypothyroidism or subclinical hypothyroidism.The specific treatment methods for HT in Western medicine are relatively limited,with single effective drugs and pathways,and most drugs have serious adverse reactions.Moreover,due to the imbalance of the endocrine system caused by HT,it is usually combined with multiple endocrine diseases to develop a common disease,which increases the difficulty of clinical treatment and leads to a longer course of disease.TCM can play an advantage in endocrine diseases,but currently there is a lack of clear treatment guidelines for TCM alone,and it is still necessary to gradually improve the diagnosis and treatment system.The combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine has played a positive role in improving symptoms,quality of life of patients with HT and its accompanying symptoms.The combination of Western medicine diagnosis and TCM syndrome differentiation,combined with Chinese medicinals and Western medicine,is the future trend in the treatment of HT and its accompanying symptoms.In the future,it is necessary to strengthen research on its pathogenesis,impact,and immunological significance,and explore the correlation between multiple diseases in depth.