基于线粒体DNA tRNA^(leu)-COⅡ序列分析阿坝中蜂遗传多样性

Genetic diversity analysis of Apis cerana abanisis based on mitochondrial DNA tRNA^(leu)-COⅡ sequence

为了解阿坝中蜂遗传多样性,对21个样点的347群阿坝中蜂样本进行线粒体DNA tRNA^(leu)-COⅡ序列扩增、测序,获得347条长度为335bp多序列片段包括36bp的非编码序列和299bp的COII基因编码序列,两个序列A+T碱基含量分别是99.8%、84.6%,分析出14个碱基变异位点,占总测定位点4.18%;划分出18个单倍型(Hap_1~Hap_18),单倍型Hap_1在所有样点均有分布且数量最多,有231个样本,达到总样本的66.6%。总体单倍型多样度为0.536,核苷酸多样度为0.00200,平均核苷酸差异数0.666,汶川县威州镇万村样本单倍体多样度最低,黑水县芦花镇昌德村样本单倍体多样度最高;单倍型系统发育树构建显示18个单倍型聚为2个大类群,不存在单独聚类一起单倍型;说明阿坝中蜂种群内部存在不同程度分化,研究结果可为阿坝中蜂遗传多样性研究、保护与利用提供一定的理论基础。

In order to understand the genetic diversity of Apis cerana abanisis,The mtDNA tRNA^(leu)-COⅡ sequence of 347 groups of Apis cerana abanisis in Aba Prefecture from 21 sample sites was amplified and sequenced,and 347 multi-sequence fragments with a length of 335bp were obtained,including 36bp non-coding sequence and 299bp COII gene coding sequence.The content of A+T bases in the two sequences was 99.8%and 84.6%respectively,and 14 base variation sites were analyzed,accounting for 4.18%of the total location points.18 haplotypes(Hap_1~Hap_18)were analyzed.The Hap_1 distributed in all sample points and has the largest number.There are 231 samples,accounting for 66.6%of the total samples.The overall haplotype diversity is 0.536,the nucleotide diversity is 0.00200,and the average nucleotide difference is 0.666.The haplotype diversity of the sample from Wancun Village,Weizhou Town,Wenchuan County is the lowest,and the haplotype diversity of the sample from Changde Village,Luhua Town,Heishui County is the highest.The construction of haplotype phylogenetic tree showed that 18 haplotypes were clustered into 2 large groups,and there was no single haplotype clustered together.This indicates that there are different degrees of differentiation within the population of Apis cerana abanisis.The results can provide a theoretical basis for the research,protection and utilization of genetic diversity of Apis cerana abanisis.